Abstract
Global interest in stable energy resources coupled with growing demand for bio-oils in various conventional and arising industries has renewed the importance of vegetable oil production. To address this global interest, oilseed production has been increased in recent decades by different approaches, such as extending the cultivation area of oil crops, or breeding and growing genetically modified plants. In this study, pea (Pisum sativum L.) accessions were screened for lipid content using a rapid extraction method. This method quantifies lipid concentration in pea seeds and was developed by assessing and comparing the results of existing extraction methods used for canola and soybean, the top two Canadian oilseeds. Seeds of 151 field pea accessions were grown to maturity in 2009 and 2010 at McGill University (Quebec, Canada). Overall, lipid concentration in pea seeds ranged from 0.9 to 5.0%. Among several seed characteristics, only seed shape (wrinkled verses round) had a significant effect on the total lipid production in the seeds. Peas are a valuable source of protein and starch, but the lipid concentration in their seeds has been undervalued. This research supports the idea of developing a novel dual-purpose oilseed pea that emulates the protein and oil production in soybean seeds while being conveniently adapted to a colder climate.
Highlights
The energy crisis in the 1970s, coupled with the fast diminishing energy reserves aroused strong interest in renewable energy sources, such as biofuel [1]
Used for Gravimetric Determination of Total Lipid Concentration
Roper) samples from the Lefsrud Farm and Belcan Agro Centre were tested for their lipid concentration with five extraction procedures: butanol; hexane/isopropanol; chloroform/methanol; and Soxhlet with petroleum ether or with hexane, to determine the best method
Summary
The energy crisis in the 1970s, coupled with the fast diminishing energy reserves aroused strong interest in renewable energy sources, such as biofuel [1]. 30% of daily calories in the human diet are supplied by edible oil [2], which accounts for 80% of the total vegetable oil production in the world. Bio-lipid products used in oleo-chemical industries is another growing domain for vegetable oil, which accounts for 14% of the total vegetable oil production [3]. Bio-products, such as biofuels, bio-lubricants [4] and bio-surfactants [5], have a major advantage over petrochemical-based products in that they are biodegraded more quickly and disappear from the environment faster [3]. The application of vegetable oils in food and non-food industries has increased during the last few decades and has led to a global increase in oilseed production, from 56 million tonnes in 1990 to 88 million tonnes in 2000 [6]. The top three world oilseed crops are soybean at 261.5 million tonnes on 102.4 Mha, canola at 59.07 million tonnes on 31.7 Mha and cottonseed at 42.389 million tonnes (harvest area data not available) [7]
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