Abstract
The discovery of anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) indicates large-scale anisotropies, non-Gaussian distributions, and anomalous alignments of the quadrupole and octupole modes of the anisotropy with each other and with both the ecliptic and equinoxes. Further analysis indicates that the statistical anisotropy and non-Gaussian temperature fluctuations are mainly due to long-range correlations. However, the source of the large-scale correlation and the cause of the anomalous alignment in CMB remains unknown. In this work, we show a new development in string theory, the universal wave function interpretation of string theory (UWFIST) indicates the existence of large-scale quantum vibrations. These large-scale quantum vibrations can cause the large-scale correlation and anomalous alignment observed in the background field. They can explain the observed large-scale anisotropies, non-Gaussian distributions, and anomalous alignments of the quadrupole and octupole modes in the microwave background.
Highlights
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation is the thermal radiation existing in the whole universe at around the temperature of 2.725 K.1,2 Discovered in 1964 by radio telescope, the CMB radiation is found to be nearly isotropic
We propose a possible source and explanation of the large-scale anisotropies, non-Gaussian distributions, and anomalous alignments from a new development in string theory, the universal wave function interpretation of string theory (UWFIST).[37,38]
We demonstrated that using the age of our universe and fundamental constants such as the gravitational constant G, the Planck constant }, and the speed of light, UWFIST may yield an estimate of the dark energy consistent with the current experimental observation.[37]
Summary
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation is the thermal radiation existing in the whole universe at around the temperature of 2.725 K.1,2 Discovered in 1964 by radio telescope, the CMB radiation is found to be nearly isotropic. Some of the most famous experiments are the NASA Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite which orbited in 1989–1996, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) which orbited in 2003–2010 and the European Space Agency's Planck Surveyor which orbited in 2009–2013 They detected anomalies in the CMB, including large-scale anisotropies, non-Gaussian distributions, and anomalous alignments.[7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23] Current in°ation theory can explain short-range anisotropies in the microwave background radiation, but it fails to explain large-scale anisotropies. We will show that these large-scale quantum vibrations can cause large-scale anisotropies, anomalous alignments, and non-Gaussian distributions in the CMB radiation as well as in other background matter and radiation, providing UWFIST an explanation for largescale anisotropies, anomalous alignments, and non-Gaussian distributions from fundamental principles and theory
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