Abstract
This paper deals with to the behaviour of open rock that occurs, for example, during longwall mining in coal mines, in deep tunnel, or shaft excavation.Longwall instability leads to extrusion of rock mass into an open space. This effect is mostly referred to as a bump, or a rock burst. For bumps to occur, the rock has to possess certain particular rock burst properties leading to accumulation of energy and the potential to release this energy. Such materials may be brittle, or the bumps may arise at the interfacial zones of two parts of the rock, that have principally different material properties.The solution is based on experimental and mathematical modelling. These two methods have to allow the problem to be studied on the basis of three presumptions: – the solution must be time dependent – the solution must allow the creation of crack in the rock mass – the solution must allow an extrusion of rock into an open space (bump effect)
Highlights
In July 1995 our institute was awarded funding for a project on “Model experiments on the pressure distribution in a coal seam, or in a wide coal pillar, before and after bump initiation” in the framework of the Volkswagen Foundation
TUM supervised the project and supplied technicians to operate the 10MN testing machine and to help with assembling and disassembling the device. This took a total of 30 days, in which the testing machine was exclusively reserved for the Volkswagen Project
The bumps that occur at higher loads exhibit a lower ratio; for 3 MN the maxima are only three times higher and over 5 MN the araldite becomes plastic and the values of pi are only slightly higher than twice that of q
Summary
In July 1995 our institute was awarded funding for a project on “Model experiments on the pressure distribution in a coal seam, or in a wide coal pillar, before and after bump initiation” in the framework of the Volkswagen Foundation. Dr Dr.h.c. Horst Lippmann, and the coapplicant was the of the Czech Technical University in Prague, Klokner Institute represented by Jaroslav Vacek. TUM supervised the project and supplied technicians to operate the 10MN testing machine and to help with assembling and disassembling the device. This took a total of 30 days, in which the testing machine was exclusively reserved for the Volkswagen Project. All other research work was carried out in Prague. Research work is continuing in the framework of a Czech grant
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