Abstract
Rock burst processes in mines are studied by many groups active in the field of geomechanics. Physical and mathematical modelling can be used to better understand the phenomena and mechanisms involved in the bursts. In the present paper we describe both physical and mathematical models of a rock burst occurring in a gallery of a coal mine.For rock bursts (also called bumps) to occur, the rock has to possess certain particular rock burst properties leading to accumulation of energy and the potential to release this energy. Such materials may be brittle, or the rock burst may arise at the interfacial zones of two parts of the rock, which have principally different material properties (e.g. in the Poíbram uranium mines).The solution is based on experimental and mathematical modelling. These two methods have to allow the problem to be studied on the basis of three presumptions:· the solution must be time dependent,· the solution must allow the creation of cracks in the rock mass,· the solution must allow an extrusion of rock into an open space (bump effect).
Highlights
A rock burst is the most dangerous event that can occur during excavation works
Surrounding rock is extruded into an underground open space by a severe force during a rock burst
High pressure at the place of the rock burst is necessary for bump occurrence and the rock must be brittle and must have a disposition for bumps
Summary
Surrounding rock is extruded into an underground open space by a severe force during a rock burst This event may cause an accident or even the death of mining workers, and it may destroy the excavation space. For this reason, studies of this problem are very important theoretically and for practical applications. In the same conditions if we excavate slowly, we give the rock mass sufficient time to create cracks in the vicinity of the open space For this reason, the stress concentration next to the excavation falls, and no bump occurs. If mining works proceed rapidly, cracks have no time to occur, and a rock burst appears This feature is confirmed by old mining experience. Rock bursts were studied for the case of a mine gallery inside a horizontal coal seam. their mechanics and the stress distribution on the top of the seam were studied by mathematical and experimental modelling
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