Abstract
In the present study, histopathology of three varieties of sesame TS 3, TS 5 and SG 27 infected with Alternaria alternata was carried out to understand the mechanism of fungal infection and penetration in sesame plant as well as to determine the histological manifestation in sesame cells by light microscopy. Fungus was identified in infected tissues as a dark bluish black with toluidine blue O staining. Light microscopic examination of sesame stem showed that the fungus was present in epidermis, hypodermis and cortical parenchyma tissue as the symptoms became visible by naked eye ten days after inoculation (DAI). As the disease progress, the fungus moved from cortical parenchyma to vascular bundle, xylem and phloem. Later on, it completely overlapped the vascular bundle and entered in pith. When necrotic lesion appeared, fungus was present abundantly in epidermis, hypodermis, cortical parenchyma, vascular bundles and in pith. Due to its excessive growth and complete overlapping of cells, disorganization or destruction of cells of sesame took place. It was concluded that the Alternaria alternata was not a tissue limited pathogen instead of this it spread in to all tissues of stem from epidermis to pith.
Highlights
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the most important and oldest oilseed crop, commonly known as till that belongs to the family Pedaliaceae [1]
Sesamoline and sesamine are present in sesame oil which are used as an insecticide [14], having cholesterol lowering activities [15], strong antioxidant activity and lower the blood pressure [16]
Present study conducted to determine histopathology of three varieties of sesame TS 3, TS 5 and SG 27 infected with Alternaria alternata
Summary
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the most important and oldest oilseed crop, commonly known as till that belongs to the family Pedaliaceae [1]. Pakistan is at 14th position among the major sesame producing countries in the world having a total production of 31,000 tons in an. Sesamoline and sesamine are present in sesame oil which are used as an insecticide [14], having cholesterol lowering activities [15], strong antioxidant activity and lower the blood pressure [16]. The world especially Pakistan is facing shortage of edible sesame oil due to the various infectious plant pathogens which act as a major damaging factor to this crop [17]. Alternaria cause the most important disease on sesame that reduces the yield of the crop. It is the spot disease [20] which is caused by the Alternaria sesami [21] and Alternaria alternata [22]. No prodigious efforts have been done on this host plant interaction despite of shortage of edible oil
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