Solution growth of n-type [formula omitted]- [formula omitted] single crystals using Sn solvent

Abstract

We have grown n-type β - FeSi 2 single crystals by a temperature gradient solution growth method using Sn solvent. The typical size of crystals was (3–5) × 0.5 × 0.3 mm 3 for a growth period of 336 h. We found that there were two types of crystals in reference to the preferable growth direction. One type was grown toward the 〈 0 1 0 〉 direction. These crystals had good crystalline quality without twins. The other type was grown toward the 〈 0 1 1 〉 direction. In this case, most of the crystals had twins. Hall effect measurements revealed that the crystals showed n-type conductivity. The electron concentration and Hall mobility at room temperature were (0.3–5) × 10 18 cm - 3 and 2 – 4 cm 2 V - 1 s - 1 , respectively.