Abstract
Abstract A simplified multi-drop coating method that improves the grain size and film quality is introduced to construct and stabilize a pure α-phase formamidinium (FA) lead iodide ((NH 2 ) 2 CHPbI 3 , FAPbI 3 ) perovskite layer. The developed method is then extended to fabricate an FA and methylammonium (MA) (FA/MA) mixed cation perovskite film under ambient conditions. The acquired FAPbI 3 film contains micron-sized large grains with preferred [111] orientation, which dramatically reduced the grain boundary area and the associated charge recombination to provide high short-circuit current densities and power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of up to 23.86 mA cm −2 and 17.66%, respectively. The open-circuit voltage of the device and the efficiency are further improved after extending this method to the FA/MA mixed perovskite film. Finally, the highest PCE reached 19.3%.
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