Abstract
Seeking to study innovative solar cell compositions with the goal to reach the highest energy efficiency level attainable, the aim of this study was to develop a route to obtain a solar cell composed by hybrid perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) using a sequential deposition method through the techniques of spin-coating and immersion. Initially, the deposition of PbI2 thin film of was performed on a FTO/glass substrate coated with TiO2, which was subsequently converted into perovskite crystals through spin coating using a CH3NH3I solution. The influence of the PbI2 layer thickness on the formation of CH3NH3PbI3 crystals was evaluated. The hydrophilic characteristic of TiO2 affects the distribution of the crystals nucleation sites, since PbI2 possesses a non-polar liquid characteristic. The characterization of the perovskite thin films showed that thickness affects directly the bandgap and the surface morphology, revealing the presence of dendritic structures and acicular crystals. Both growth and coverage increased for thinner layers of PbI2. It was also possible to observe an increased uniformity in the film for smaller PbI2 layers.
Highlights
The development of sustainable energy sources has become critical, since most of the global energy still relies on fossil matter, whereas a scenario of an industrial sector considerably dependent on coal and the urban mobility that almost entirely leans on polluting fuels such as gasoline and diesel can be verified
The deposition of PbI2 thin film of was performed on a FTO/glass substrate coated with TiO2, which was subsequently converted into perovskite crystals through spin coating using a CH3NH3I solution
Aiming to explore novel and more energy-efficient manufacturing alternatives for solar cells, recent literature have focused on perfecting techniques of deposition of different thin films over the solar cell substrate to allow a higher absoption of light and, enhanced levels of output energy
Summary
The development of sustainable energy sources has become critical, since most of the global energy still relies on fossil matter, whereas a scenario of an industrial sector considerably dependent on coal and the urban mobility that almost entirely leans on polluting fuels such as gasoline and diesel can be verified. Within this context, solar energy is increasingly becoming an attractive alternative, causing a major increase in research and development of more efficient and inexpensive photovoltaic devices either for industrial plants or, more recently, solar-powered zero-emission vehicles [1,2,3]. This organometallic material has been widely explored due to the singular
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