Seed sowing qualities and yield of spring wheat depending on the treatment with protectants of various actions and microfertilizer

Abstract

Purpose. To study the influence of modern protectants and microfertilizer on sowing qualities and yield properties of spring wheat seeds under conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. In laboratory conditions, sprouting seed activity, seed vigor, and laboratory germination were determined in spring wheat varieties MIP Zlata, Bozhena, MIP Raіduzhna, Diana with various treatment options. There was investigated the effect of protectants Maxim Star 025 FS (1.5 l/t), Celest Max 165 FS (1.5 l/t) and their combinations with microfertilizer Oracle seeds (0.5 l/t). Untreated seeds of these varieties were the control. The yield properties of the treated seeds were studied in the field conditions according to the method of the State variety testing. Results. It was found positive effect of the protectants and the microfertilizer on sowing qualities of spring wheat seeds. When treating the seeds, there is a tendency to an increase in sprouting seed activity by 1–8 %, in seed vigor and laboratory germination by 0.5–2.5 %. The most sprouting seed activity was noted in the variant Celest Max 165 FS, 1.5 l/t + Oracle seeds, 0.5 l/t; the most seed vigor was in the variant Maxim Star 025 FS, 1.5 l/t+ Oracle seeds, 0.5 l/t; the most laboratory germination was in the both above options. In the variants with protectants and microfertilizer, wheat yield increased significantly for the varieties MIP Zlata (higher by 0.30–0.36 t/ha), Bozhena (0.31–0.36 t/ha), MIP Raіduzhna (0.31–0.37 t/ha), Diana (0.32–0.37 t/ha). The highest yield increase was observed when processing seeds with protectant Сelest Max 165 FS combined with complex microfertilizer Oracle seeds. Conclusions. The most sprouting seed activity for all varieties studied was noted in the variant Celest Max 165 FS + Oracle seeds, the most seed vigor was in the variant Maxim Star 025 FS + Oracle seeds, the most laboratory germination was in both these variants. The most yield increase was obtained in the variant of seed processing with the protectant Celest Max 165 FS combined with the microfertilizer Oracle seeds. Thus, there was established increase in yield and sowing qualities of spring wheat seeds when processing with various protectants combined with microfertilizer. Therefore, we propose to use the mentioned preparations in seed farms.