Research in physical exercise among rural adolescents based on the theory of planned behavior in Sichuan Province

Abstract

Objective To verify the applicability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the physical exercise behaviors of rural adolescents in Sichuan Province, and to explore the possible influencing factors of physical exercise behaviors, and to provide a theoretical basis for further effective intervention measures. Methods A total of 2 302 students were selected from grade seven and grade ten of two rural middle schools in Zizhong, Sichuan Province. The survey was conducted with a structured questionnaire. Using TPB as the research framework and basis, the structural equation model was constructed for analysis. Results Lack of physical exercise was 1 527 (66.3%). Physical exercise behavior was statistically different among schools, grades ( t = -7.40, -2.90, 10.90, P <0.05), and genders. Based on TPB, the structural equation model was established and corrected to obtain the revised model, and the fitting index GFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93, IFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.07, indicating the model fitted good. Exercise intention directly affected exercise behaviors. The standardized effect was 0.45(95% CI = 0.39-0.52). Subjective norms and perceived power were the main two mediators of the relationship between value evaluation and exercise intention. The standardized effect values were 0.66(95% CI = 0.57-0.73), 0.23(95% CI = 0.16-0.93) ( P <0.01). Conclusion There is serious lack of physical exercise in rural adolescents in Sichuan Province. TPB has a good applicability for physical exercise in rural adolescents in Sichuan Province. Subjective norm is the most important factors to promote exercise intentions. 【摘要】 目的 验证计划行为理论 (theory of planned behavior, TPB)在四川省农村青少年体育锻炼行为中的适用性, 探索 影响青少年体育锻炼行为的可能因素, 为进一步采取有效的干预措施提供理论依据。 方法 以四川省资中县2所乡镇中 学的2 302名初一、高一学生为研究对象, 采用结构式调查问卷进行调查, 以计划行为理论为框架构建结构方程模型进行 分析。 结果 体育锻炼缺乏者1 527人, 占比66.3%。不同学校、年级、性别学生体育锻炼行为得分差异均有统计学意义 ( t 值分别为 -7.40, -2.90, 10.90, P 均<0.05)。依据 TPB 建立模型并修正后得到修正的结构方程模型 GFI =0.93, CFI =0.94, NFI =0.94, TLI = 0.93, IFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.07, 模型拟合结果较好。锻炼意图直接影响锻炼行为, 标准化效应为0.45(95% CI = 0.39〜0.52), 主观规范与洞察力是价值评价影响锻炼意图途径中的主要中介变量, 其标准化效应值分别为0.66(95% CI = 0.57〜0.73)、0.23(95% CI = 0.16〜0.93) ( P 值均<0.01)。 结论 四川省农村青少年严重缺乏体育锻炼。计划行为理论在 四川农村青少年学生群体具备较好的适用性。主观规范是促进农村青少年形成锻炼意图的主要因素。