Regulatory effects and anti‐inflammatory activity of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague seeds extract on alleviation of kidney injury in diabetic rats

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of renal tissue damage and complications of diabetes. In this in-vitro experimental study, diabetes was induced by a single injection of Streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) in rats. STZ-diabetic rats were treated with oral doses of methanolic extract T. ammi seeds (300–400 mg/kg). After 8 weeks, serum levels of glucose, creatinine, urea, SOD, and MDA in the blood serum and protein levels in urine were measured. Also, changes in the expression of IL-18 and TNF-α genes in the renal tissue were examined. The results of this study showed that T. ammi seeds have anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemia effects. It can also increase SOD, decrease MDA, and inhibit IL-18 and TNF-α expression. T. ammi methanolic extract reduced blood glucose, oxidative stress, renal function biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines caused by STZ in mice. Because of this, it could be used as a new treatment for diabetic nephropathy. Novelty impact statement The effect of T. ammi seed extract on rats with nephropathy was investigated. The real-time PCR technique was used to measure the expression of the genes IL-18 and TNF-a, while the ELISA technique was used to measure the level of MDA and SOD serum. T. ammi is a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory and anti-nephropathy effects.