Przeciwgrzybicze działanie olejku imbirowego (Oleum Zingiberis)

Abstract

Introduction. Ginger was known and used in medicine by ancient Greeks and Romans. The oil and extract from rhizoma exhibited among others antioxidant, antiagregate, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulated and anticancer activity. Ginger is used also to mask the unpleasant taste of the other medicines. Rhizoma produced essential oil whose constituents are: α-zingiberene, α-farnasene, α-pinene, camphene, linalool, β-pinene, geraniol, citral, β-phellandrene, limonene, cineole, geraniol acetate, α-myrcene, α-longipinene, β-selinene, β-bisabolol, (+)-β-cytronellol and nerolidol. Ginger oil has antimicrobial activity. Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of ginger oil on yeastlike fungi. Material and methods. The date included 43 strains yeastlike fungi isolated from oral cavity patient with candidosis. The strains belonging to the species: Candida albicans (21 strains), C. glabrata (4), C. guilliermondii (1) C. humicola (1), C. kefyr (2), C. krusei (4), C. lusitaniae (1), C. parapsilosis (4) and C. tropicalis (5) and 9 reference strains was tested. The susceptibility (MIC) yeastlike fungi to ginger oil was determined by means plate dilution technique in Sabouraud’s agar. The inoculum contained 105 CFU per spot were seeded with Steers replicator upon the surface of agar containing or without oil (strains growth control). The concentrations of oil were: 20.0, 15.0, 10.0, 7.5 and 5.0 mg/ml. The agar plate were incubated at 37°C for 24-48 hours in aerobic conditions. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentrations of ginger oil that inhibited growth of tested strains. Results. The results indicated, that the most susceptible to ginger oil were strains from species of C. glabrata (MIC within the range from 10.0 to 20.0 mg/ml). The oil was less active against the strains C. humicola, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis. The growth of the strains was inhibited by concentrations > 20.0 mg/ml. But 48% of the strains from species Candida albicans were susceptible in ranges 10.0-20.0 mg/ml. The remain strains required to inhibition of growth to use the high concentrations (MIC > 20.0 mg/ml). The date indicate that oil characterized a moderate activity towards tested yeastlike fungi. Conclusions. The ginger oil was the most active towards C. glabrata strains. Strains of C. crusei, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were the lowest sensitive. Ginger oil was characterized of moderate activity against tested yeastlike fungi.