Abstract
1. General aspects of protein and RNA synthesis in yeast during respiratory adaptation, in the absence of growth, are described and compared with those under growth conditions. 2. A procedure for the subcellular fractionation of yeast cells is reported. Four distinct cell fractions can be defined which differ in their chemical constitution and in their function in macromolecular synthesis in vivo. 3. Several classes of ribosomes have been characterized, and their protein-synthesizing capacity in vivo has been examined: only one class, firmly attached to lipoprotein particles (Fraction NM), is active; 80-S ribosomes found in the free state in cell extracts are inert. 4. Fraction NM has been isolated and partially purified. It has a characteristically high content of DNA and a low content of RNA. The largest part of pulselabelled RNA is detected in this fraction, which represents liponucleoprotein particles containing the sites of both RNA and protein synthesis.
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