Prospects of application in the breeding Fragaria Orientalis Los. in the conditions of permafrost

Abstract

This article discusses the issue of interspecific hybridization in the genus Fragaria L. under the conditions of Yakutia. The species of oriental strawberry - Fragaria Orientalis Los., which formed under severe natural selection conditions and possessed high ecological adaptability to local natural and climatic conditions, was used as the main form. Revealed high frost resistance, immunity, productivity, unpretentiousness, excellent taste, and aroma of fruits of the species of interest for breeding in extreme conditions. The purpose of the research is to create local varieties of strawberries that combine a high level of productivity and quality indicators with adaptability to a complex of biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The result of interspecific hybridization of strawberries was the creation of varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits: Sadovo-Spasskaya, Bersenevskaya, Vladyka Zosima. The high stability and productivity of the variety Sadovo-Spasskaya were noted. Early ripening, high winter hardiness, and high taste are characteristic of the Bersenevskaya variety. The Vladyka Zosima variety is distinguished by an early ripening period, high productivity in the year of planting, and a long fruiting period. The result of research from 1999 to 2020. the creation of diverse seedlings with different types and periods of fruiting, yield, and weight of fruits, varied in shape and taste, runners-forming with high winter hardiness began.