Abstract
Non-thermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) has recently emerged as an attractive tool for surface modification of biomaterials in tissue engineering. Three dimensional chitosan scaffolds have been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to biodegradable and biocompatible properties. The present study aimed to evaluate osteogenic potential of NBP treated chitosan scaffold. The surface characteristics of scaffolds were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), cell proliferation and differentiation was tested with osteoprogenitor cell line MC3T3-E1. The results show that NBP modified scaffold increase cell metabolic by MTT assay and live/dead assay. More importantly, we evidenced enhancement of osteogenic differentiation on NBP treated scaffolds by an increase of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, high degree of extracellular mineralization and up-regulated osteogenic marker genes expression level. The findings in our study highlighted NBP as the innovative method to modified chitosan scaffold and to fine-tuning the scaffold a more suitable and beneficial biomaterial for in vivo bone tissue engineering and clinical bone defects therapies.
Highlights
Within recent years, non-thermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) has focused on the development of biological and medical application
Non-thermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) exists as a quasi-neutral particle system in the form of gaseous or fluid-like mixtures of free electrons, ions, and radicals, generally containing neutral atoms and molecules
Some of the neutral particles are in an excited state, which can return to the ground state by photon emission
Summary
Non-thermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) has focused on the development of biological and medical application. Lauriault et al.[21] demonstrated NBP induced miropatterned nitrogen-rich depositions to polymer film surface with enhancement of macrophages and chondrocytes adhesion and proliferation and can be used for tissue engineering. These evidence highlighted NBP as a useful tool for surface modification of biomaterial in tissue engineering. Scaffolds consisting of natural polymers have attracted significant interest due to their flexibility in terms of chemical modification and the ability of degradation into low molecular weight fragments that can be resorbed or eliminated inside human body[22] Among those chitosan is an abundant natural polyheterosaccharide obtained from deacetylation of chitin[23]. We assess cell viability, metabolic ability and osteogenic differentiation by detection of alkaline phosphatase activity, extracellular mineralization and osteogenic marker gene expression of osteoprogenitor MC3T3-E1 cells on NBP treated scaffolds aimed to be used in bone tissue engineering field
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