Abstract
Recent works have highlighted the growth of battery energy storage system (BESS) in the electrical system. In the scenario of high penetration level of renewable energy in the distributed generation, BESS plays a key role in the effort to combine a sustainable power supply with a reliable dispatched load. Several power converter topologies can be employed to connect BESS to the grid. There is no defined and standardized solution, especially for medium voltage applications. This work aims to carry out a literature review on the main converter topologies used in BESS and highlight the main advantages and disadvantages of each one. The topologies used for each conversion stage are presented and their combinations are analyzed. In addition, the different services that BESS can carry out when connected to the distribution system are analyzed in order to demonstrate all the main contributions to the electrical systems. Finally, a case study is performed to compare and analyze the converter topologies for BESS, considering some aspects such as efficiency, power quality and number of components.
Highlights
Battery energy storage system (BESS) have been used for some decades in isolated areas, especially in order to supply energy or meet some service demand [1]
The quantized power losses are related to the conduction and switching losses of the semiconductors, copper losses of the output filters in the 2 L and 3 L converters, copper losses in the arm inductor of the modular multilevel converter (MMC) topologies and total losses in the transformer
The results show that the MMC presents the minor losses in relation to the other related topologies and the 3 L + Tx converter has the major losses in almost all power range
Summary
Battery energy storage system (BESS) have been used for some decades in isolated areas, especially in order to supply energy or meet some service demand [1]. Solar and wind electricity generation, among other alternatives, account for a significant part of the electric power generation matrix all around the world. In this scenario of high level of renewable energy, BESS plays a key role in the efforts to combine a sustainable energy source with a reliable dispatched load and mitigates the impacts of the intermittent sources [2]. The installation of BESS has increased throughout the world in recent years. Despite their benefits, the implementation of such systems faces considerable challenges [3]
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