Abstract

The development of future More Electric Aircraft (MEA) requires exploitation of light-weighted on-board Electrical Power System (EPS) architectural design and energy saving power management strategies. Seeking for the optimal solutions in these key aspects, two vital prerequisites should be ensured for the entire flight stages with load requirements changes – one is the optimal power allocation (OPA) aiming to route the power in the system with less transmission losses, and the other one is the optimal generator sizing (OGS) targeting on minimising the required overload capabilities for a lighter generator. Despite different objectives, these two optimisation problems should both meet the load requirements and system operation constraints, including the power balancing and limitations, contactor switching logic, the transmission losses of cables, and the nonlinear converter efficiencies. In this paper, we first propose a formulation method based on the optimal power flow (OPF) model to constitute the system constraints for both optimisation problems, and combining with specific objectives and constraints, the problems of OPA and OGS can be mathematically modelled. By linearizing the nonlinear transmission efficiencies with piecewise functions, the proposed models can be solved using the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) in CPLEX solver.

Highlights

  • Electrical power demand has been rising significantly in modern aircraft due to more complex on-board electrical/electronic systems, such as In-Flight Entertainment (IFE) and Seat Power Supply (SPS), and the replacement of traditional hydraulics and pneumatics by electrical systems to achieve better dynamic response and higher efficiency [1][2]

  • We address two main optimisation problems with regard to the aforementioned aspects, one is defined as the optimal power allocation (OPA) problem, aiming to reduce the total power needs from the power sources by scheduling the power in the system with less transmission losses, while the other one is defined as the optimal generator sizing (OGS) problem targeting on minimising the required overload capabilities for each generator

  • This paper proposes a formulation method based on an optimal power flow (OPF) model which is applied to the OPA and OGS problems with modified cost functions and constraints, and provides mathematical models for both problems

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Summary

Parameters αiG

= Connection status between the generator i and corresponding HV bus (binary value) ηc, η′c = Efficiency of DC/DC converter in buck/boost mode εjAHV. = Transmission efficiency in cables between the APU bus and HV bus j εkLkV′ εjHcVC. = Transmission efficiency in cables of LV bus connection between bus k and k′ = Transmission efficiency in cables between the HV bus j and DC/DC converter c

Continuous variables
Introduction
System Description
Problem Formulation Based on Optimal Power Flow Model
Power capacity constraints
Unidirectional constraints
Physical connection constraints
Optimal generator sizing problem
PmG ax
Linearization of the Model
Simulation Results
Conclusion
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