Abstract

En el año 2005 acabamos de conmemorar el 200 aniversario del nacimiento de
 Pascual MADOZ (1805-1870), con cuyo motivo hemos podido alumbrar una documentación
 inesperada que permite situarle como figura político-financiera muy relevante en los pasos
 iniciales del urbanismo moderno, señalando su convergencia con el padre y fundador
 indiscutido de la disciplina en toda Europa y el mundo: Ildefonso Cerdá.
 La convergencia se establece en que, además de varias comuniones ideológicas entre
 los dos personajes (pertenecer al mismo partido liberal progresista, ser ambos de la Milicia
 Nacional, catalanistas de corazón, escritores y estadísticos, empresarios inmobiliarios y
 constructores de casas), Madoz dirige y edita en 1845-50 el voluminoso Diccionario geográficoestadístico-
 histórico de España, el más grandioso inventario de información municipal y
 cartográfica nunca producido hasta ahora, sacó adelante como Ministro de Hacienda la
 fundamental Ley General de Desamortización de 1855 y dirigió, impulsó y encarriló
 definitivamente la operación urbanística trascendental del derribo de las murallas de Barcelona
 en 1854, con una operación económico-financiera magistral, haciendo converger en una
 emisión de deuda pública en forma de préstamo hipotecario garantizado por el valor futuro de
 la edificabilidad potencial de los solares edificables, interconectando los aspectos políticos de
 oportunidad y emergencia social, con unas técnicas jurídicas y económico-financieras
 sorprendentes que marcaron los derroteros del urbanismo español posterior.
 En esa coyuntura explosiva de la ruptura de los recintos amurallados del XIX en toda
 Europa, surge la poderosa cabeza sintética de Cerdá que integra el gobierno del espacio social
 como una ciencia moderna —la Urbanización, que luego llamaríamos Urbanismo— dando
 consistencia mutua a las disciplinas, hasta entonces inconexas, de la economía, el diseño y el
 derecho privado y administrativo en el espacio municipal, que Madoz había mezclado
 impensadamente con su operación financiera de emergencia al sacar el empréstito para
 financiar las obras del derribo de las murallas. The year 2005 marked the 200th anniversary of the birth of Pascual Madoz (1805-
 1870). In a commemoration of that event, we began an unexpected documentation that has
 allowed us to situate him as a very relevant political and financial figure in the initial rise of
 modern urbanism, indicating his union with the indisputable father and founder of the discipline
 in Europe and the wider world: Ildefonso Cerdá.
 In addition to coinciding ideologically on a number of issues (belonging to the same liberal
 political party, both forming part of the National Militia, deeply rooted Catalonians, writers and
 statisticians, property businessmen and house constructors), the union was established
 between the two individuals through Madoz directing and publishing between 1845-50 the
 voluminous Geographical-statistical-historical dictionary of Spain, the most grandiose inventory
 of municipal and cartographic information ever to have taken place even up until now.
 As the Minister of Finance, he promulgated the General Law of Disentitlement (1855). In
 addition he promoted, directed and guided the transcendental planning intervention leading to
 the demolition of Barcelona’s walls in 1854, with a masterful economic-financial operation,
 channelling an emission of public debt in the form of mortgage loans guaranteed by the future
 value of the potential building of the land parcels, interconnecting the political aspects of
 opportunity and social emergency, with some surprising juridical and economic-financial
 techniques that marked the beginnings of the later Spanish urbanism.
 In that explosive juncture of the rupture of the walled enclosures of 19th Century Europe, the
 powerful brilliance of Cerdá arose that would integrate the government of social space as a
 modern science - Urbanisation that would later be called Urbanism - integrating the until then
 different disciplines of economy, design, and private and administrative law in the municipal
 space, that Madoz had mixed without thinking with his emergency financial operation, when
 carrying out the public loan to finance the works of demolishing the walls.

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