New promising soybean varieties created by hybridization

Abstract

Purpose. To obtain soybean hybrids, to select and study hybrid lines with economically valuable traits under field conditions, to create new varieties. Methods. Intraspecific hybridization involving collection samples of domestic and foreign breeding. Researches have been conducted at the Kirovohrad State Agricultural Experimental Station during 1999–2016. Results. In 1999 and 2001, under field conditions the first forced crossings of soybean of various geographical origins were carried out. In cross-breeding schemes, the collection samples of domestic and foreign breeding, namely French and Canadian, were used. Further work with hybrid populations was carried out when using the pedigree method. Selection of original plants was initiated from F2 and continued in subsequent generations until constant lines were obtained. In 2000–2002, elite plants were selected for further study in nurseries of hybrids of the second and the third generations and breeding nurseries. New hybrid lines with a set of economically valuable traits were investigated in the control trial (2006–2010). In 2011–2016, these lines were studied in competitive variety trial. So by the method of crossing soybean samples of different geographical origin we have created a number of lines with economically valuable features. The best of them there were the lines 739 (K-002 / Osso) and 802 (Medeia / KC-3) which significantly exceeded the yield of the standards Yatran and Annushka (by 0.11–0.58 t/ha). These lines were transferred for the State Variety Trial as the varieties Zlatopilska and Kameia. Conclusions. The early and middle-ripening lines derived from collection samples of different geographical origin were the most productive. These lines are characterized with high drought tolerance, lodging and shedding resistance, increased protein and fat content, higher setting bottom pods. The new lines are of interest for the breeding researches and as applicants for examination on the suitability for distribution in Ukraine.