КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ВОЛОГОДСКОЙ ПОПУЛЯЦИИ АЙРШИРСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ

Abstract

Currently, the state program for the development of agriculture is aimed at the implementation of the main measures - for livestock breeding to form a breeding base that meets the needs of domestic agricultural producers in breeding products. The key aspects of increasing the productivity of dairy breeds of cattle are the effectiveness of the use of breeding material (bulls) of domestic and foreign breeding. The conducted studies on the population of Ayrshire cattle breed in the Vologda oblast revealed the directions of the breeding process using bulls of different breeding. The superiority of the used bulls of foreign selection in terms of milk yield of mothers is 2546 kg of milk compared to domestic selection. However, the milk yield of daughters of bulls of different breeding has no significant difference-242 kg of milk, and the realization of the genetic potential of milk yield of animals of foreign selection is only 77.0%, which is inferior to domestic - 7.9%. A distinctive feature of domestic breeding cows is a high fat content of 4.40%, which exceeds foreign by 0.10%. According to the genealogical units animals different breeding revealed a different pattern: in foreign, if you increase the milk yield of mothers and fathers of the genetic potential productivity of daughters is reduced; in the country it is noted the inverse relationship. According to foreign breeding revealed prepotent bulls Urho 430 and Anatolia 711 line Urho Erranta 13093 with milk yield daughters 8338 kg, 8181 kg of milk with an average yield of mothers of fathers at the level of 10,000 kg of milk. On domestic breeding the best results are received from the bull singer 418 lines O. R. Lichting 120135 with milk yield of daughters 8409 kg, at milk yield of mothers 9736 kg of milk. Consequently, the use of bulls of foreign selection with high rates of milk yield of mothers and, accordingly, high genetic potential of their daughters does not increase the productivity of cows of the modern herd of Ayrshire breed. Bulls are domestic breeding have a high prepotente qualities and fast transfer of high yields and daughters.