Fatty acid composition, physical and sanitary indicators of cow milk when using energy feed enriched with microalgae Spirulina Platensis and dihydroquercetin

Abstract

The research was carried out on 2 groups of Holstein cows-analogues in productivity, age and calving times in the transit period. One was a control, the other an experimental one. In addition to the main diet, 150 ml of liquid energy feed based on propylene glycol and glycerol was added to the cows of the experimental group two weeks before calving and 250 ml per day after calving, with the addition of dry microalgae Spirulina Platensis and the antioxidant dihydroquercetin, in a concentration of 0.1% by weight (EBA FA).Inclusion in the diet of cows EBA FA. it had a positive impact on milk productivity, chemical and physical properties and sanitary and hygienic condition of milk. In cows of the experimental group in the 1st and 2nd month of lactation, the average daily milk yield was 26.8 and 29.0 kg with a mass fraction of fat 3.74 and 3.78%, protein 3.32 and 3.07%, including true 3.10 and 2.85% and casein 2.57 and 2.42%; lactose 4.78 and 4.88% and the mass fraction of dry matter 12.72 and 12.51%, respectively, while in the control group cows they were equal in average daily milk yield of 24.0 and 26.5 kg, the mass fraction of fat 3.91 and 3.74%, protein 3.16 and 3.18%, including true 2.95 and 2.86% and casein 2.47 and 2.40%, lactose 4.80 and 4.88% and the mass fraction of dry matter 12.81 and 12.49%. Milk of cows of the experimental group was characterized by lower oxidation and better ORP, lower content of acetone and β-oximabutyric acid. The inclusion of EBA FA in the diet of cows had a positive effect on cows udder health as evidenced by a decrease in the content of somatic cells in the milk of cows of the experimental group by 25.2 and 50.2% in relation to the control, respectively, at the 1st and 2nd month of lactation. EBA FA also influenced the composition and dynamics of the content of fatty acids in milk. The fatty acid composition of the milk of cows of the experimental group at the 1st month of lactation was characterized by a lower content of myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids and was characterized by a high content of polyunsaturated acids and transisomers. At the 2nd month, the content of oleic acid increased and the content of monosaturated acids increased .compared to the control.