Creation of bread spring wheat breeding material with wheat-rye translocations

Abstract

Purpose. Creation of bread spring wheat varieties using domestic and foreign varieties as carriers of wheat-rye translocation. Меthods. Field, laboratory, statistical. Results. The creation of varieties with wheat-rye translocation 1AL.1RS is the perspective direction of breeding, which allows to significantly improve the gene pool of bread spring wheat. The paper covers outputs of long-term breeding studies conducted at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (MIW) for obtaining bread wheat varieties with wheat-rye translocation 1AL.1RS. As the initial breeding material varieties and lines of domestic and foreign breeding were used, in particular, the ‘TAM 107’ variety (USA) with wheat-rye translocation 1AL.1RS. During realization of the scientific breeding program, the bread winter wheat variety ‘Ekspromt’ (1AL.1RS), as well as the bread spring wheat varieties ‘Struna myronivska’ (1AL.1RS) and ‘MІP Solomіia’ (1AL.1RS) have been created. As evidenced by the analysis of the spectrum of storage proteins, the varieties ‘Struna myronivska’ and ‘MIP Solomiіa’ contain wheat-rye translocation 1AL.1RS in their genomes. The variety ‘MIP Solomiіa’ inherited it from the variety of bread spring wheat ‘Struna myronivska’. The bread spring wheat new variety ‘MІP Solomiia’ is characterized by high yielding capacity, adaptability, resistance to powdery mildew, fusarium head blight, common bunt and high indices of grain quality. Conclusions. By long-term single crossing foreign varieties and domestic breeding material when using the pedigree method, bread wheat varieties with wheat-rye translocation 1AL.1RS have been created. The bread spring wheat variety ‘MІP Solomiia’ submitted for the State Variety Testing in 2017, is characterized by high yielding capa­city, lodging resistance, low incidence of fungal diseases, resistance to common bunt, adaptability. The presence of wheat-rye translocation in spring wheats varieties of Myronivka breeding ‘Struna myronivska’ and ‘MІP Solomіia’ has been confirmed by analyzing the spectrum of storage proteins during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.