National and Civil Security in Kosovo – Premises, Components, Challenges, and Risks

Abstract

This paper explores the complex landscape of national and civil security in Kosovo, focusing on the premises, main components, challenges, and risks associated with establishing a secure and stable environment in Europe’s youngest nation. Kosovo’s journey towards statehood and security is hindered by a myriad of factors including political instability, economic underdevelopment, and the lingering effects of ethnic tensions. The research delves into the intricate dynamics between national security measures and human security needs, emphasizing the impact of political instability on the broader security framework. By examining the roles of various security institutions such as the Kosovo Security Force and the Kosovo Police and assessing their effectiveness in the face of external threats, particularly from Serbia and its allies, this study highlights the ongoing struggles and the necessary reforms in Kosovo’s security sector. Additionally, the paper discusses the influence of international actors and frameworks, including NATO and the EU, in shaping Kosovo’s security policies and practices. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study calls for a concerted effort from both local leadership and international partners to enhance Kosovo’s security architecture, ensuring a stable, secure, and prosperous future for its citizens. The recommendations provided aim to fortify Kosovo’s institutional capabilities and address the socio-political challenges that impede its path to a secure statehood. Key words: Kosovo, National Security, Civil Security, Political Instability, Security Institutions, Human Security, NATO, EU.