Nanoclusters of Silver and Gold Atoms

Abstract

AbstractResults of recent state-of-the-art quantum mechanical calculations of the formation energies in vacuum at 0 K of Agn-1 i and Agn+ clusters for 3≤n≤9 allow dissociation energies of Agn+ clusters to be calculated. The values over this range of sizes are inconsistent with the chemical and photochemical processes proposed in the photo-aggregation theory of latent image formation and chemical development. They are also in fundamental disagreement with zralues calculated by the classical molecules-in-clusters method. According to the quantum mechanical calculations, the Agn+ clusters could not exist with an effective lifetime in the positively charged state in the silver halide crystal or in an aqueous medium. The tetrahedron, as the most stable form for Ag4+ and Ag4+, is also excluded in favour of a planar rhombic form. This paper discusses experimental and theoretical studies of the structure of nanoclusters of Ag and Au atoms and a probable growth sequence from n = 2 to n = 13. The conclusion is reac...