茄の授粉に關する研究

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This investigation has been attempted to obtain some knowledge of anthesis and pollination in the eggplant, constituting a part of the writer's genetical studies on this plant. Two varieties Mogi and Oserikawa were used as material exclusively. Short-styled flowers were removed, except for the observation of anthesis, because it is well known fact that those are generally abortive. The results obtained in the 1933-1936 season may be summarized as follows:On bright, sunny days of early in August, flowers usually began to open about 4.30 a.m., and were fully open at 5 a.m. It was further noted that not all flowers open in the forenoon, but some open in the afternoon. Anthers dehisced their pollen by 7 a.m. Even on cloudy days, the time of anthesis was much the same as that on sunny days, if it was fine the day before flowering. All the short-styled flowers dropped off on the third or fourth day after flowering as already known.In order to know when the flowers will he pollinated under natural conditions, they were emasculated as carefully as possible to avoid selfing, and immediately bagged at various times before and after anthcsis. The results suggested that the natural pollination began about 7 a.m., and almost finished about 10 a.m. on sunny days, but it was much later on cloudy days.The emasculated flowers were fertilized with pollen from fresh flowers at various times from two days before flowering to three days after, to know the receptive period of stigmas. Indications were secured that the stigmas retain at least their receptivity over a period from the day before flowering to two days after.The germination test of pollen on an artificial medium was at tempted onpollen at various ages from the day before flowering to four days after, to determine the longevity of pollen in ordinary room storage. The best germination was obtained by the use of 4/10M sucrose with 2 per cent. agar-agar, in which the hydrogen-ion concentration was adjusted to pH 5.4. It was found from a practical standpoint that Oserikawa pollen was kept alive for two days, whereas Mogi pollen for a day only.