Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Cryptococcus neoformans Co-Infection in an Immunocompetent Non-HIV Patient

Albahrani S,Al Hassan D,Shilash A,Vapra Y,Alsubaiae S

doi:10.16966/2470-1025.127

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis and cryptococcosis co-infection usually occurs in immunocompromised patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity. Here, we report a case of disseminated tuberculosis with co-existing pulmonary cryptococcosis in a non-HIV patient. However, there is a history of preceding exposure to anti-tumor necrosis agents.

Highlights

Tuberculosis and cryptococcosis co-infection usually, albeit uncommonly occurs in immunosuppressed patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity or Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients [1]
We report a case of disseminated tuberculosis with co-existing pulmonary Cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent patient
Lung biopsy was positive for granuloma and fungal elements look like yeast and negative for culture. Positive staining for both Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain and Gomori Methenamine Silver (GMS) stain

Summary

Results

The results of these studies suggest that the expression of immunosuppressive mediators inhibits host defenses against TB. GXM has been shown to have several effects on the host immune system, including inducing of suppressor T cells (which inhibit cell-mediated immunity), directly inhibiting T cell responses and inhibiting the movement of leukocytes into inflammatory sites [18]. A recent study demonstrated the ability of GXM to induce macrophage apoptosis in rats, both in vivo and in vitro [19]. This result was documented in a study that used peritoneal macrophages to show that both GXM and GalXM can cause macrophage apoptosis [19]

Introduction

Discussion and Conclusion