Abstract
When leukocytes encounter opsonized microorganisms or a variety of inflammatory stimuli, their utilization of oxygen is substantially enhanced. This phenomenon was first observed as increased oxygen uptake by the stimulated cells (Baldridge and Gerard, 1933; Sbarra and Karnovsky, 1959) and was correlated with the production of hydrogen peroxide (Iyer et al., 1961). Concomitant with the alterations in respiration, enhanced glucose oxidation via the hexose monophosphate shunt occurs as well (Sbarra and Karnovsky, 1959). In recent years, it has become clear that oxygen utilization in activated phagocytic cells can proceed by one electron reduction steps, and that the initial product is probably superoxide anion ( 2 - ) (Babior et al., 1973). Two molecules of 2 - can then interact in a dismutation reaction, resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). These reactions are outlined in Eqs. (1) and (2): $$ {O_2} + {e^ - } \to O_2^ - $$ (1) $$ 2O_{_2}^ - + 2{H^ + } \to O_2^ - + {H_2}{O_2} $$ (2)
Published Version
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