Measuring the effects of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) on fear of crime in public spaces

Imaginings of cities are powerful...imagination can be either an escape...or an act of resistance or both (Bridge and Watson 2000: 16). Imagination and the city are closely entwined for Gary Bridges and Sophie Watson who organise the relationship between the city and the imagination in two areas: how the city affects the imagination and how the city is imagined. They see that the city provides both constraints and stimulus on the imagination of all its inhabitants. From screenwriters to urban planners to policy makers to city visitors from suburbs or country towns, each person has his or her imagined city and this is reflected in the way we live (lifestyle), where we choose to live (urban versus suburban) and how we use public and private space. The effects of the city on the imagination are also apparent from the way cities are represented in film, the way they are planned and how they are produced in a range of discourses. However, these diffuse imaginations can be opposing and it these opposing imaginations that forge the distinctions between an imagined city and an urban imagination. So where is this evident? The most visible evidence is found in the use and role of public space. Both Mike Davis and George Morgan document how public space is viewed as a threat giving rise to what Davis calls defensible space and a clear demarcation between public and private space (1994, 79). Davis witnesses that this practice, when applied, results in a fortress mentality of guarded properties and walled-in private suburbs that is destroying accessible public space(1992, 226). Documenting a more sociological approach is Jane Jacobs' argument that the city and social interactions within are a street ballet (2000, 107) and Lewis Mumford's notion of urban drama (2000, 92). This sociological approach views public space as providing an opportunity for people to invest in and interact. These longstanding opposing views toward public space as either a threat or an opportunity are a large part of the urban imagination and have consequences for the way in which the city is designed and planned. General concerns on security are evident by the ever-increasing reliance on architecture to provide security. This is most noticeable in urban areas where the rise of defensible space is apparent. Defensible space can be achieved by applying a commonly accepted practice amongst urban planners known as CPTED (pronounced sep-ted and standing for Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design). CPTED recognises that proper design and effective use of the built environment can lead to a reduction in the fear and incidence of crime, and an improvement in the quality of life (Howe, http://www.cpted-watch.com, 2002). CPTED principles are built on four overlapping strategies of natural surveillance, territorial reinforcement, natural access control and target hardening. These strategies are equally apparent in urban theorists like Morgan, Davis, Bridges and Watson; indeed even Jacobs can be seen as an early pioneer of CPTED with her views on natural surveillance. However, the application of these strategies differ in the separation of public and private space and how public space is designed and planned. Davis may concede CPTED's existence as perhaps only one small component of urban theory and practice that, for the most part, he argues, ignores the existing trend of fortifying the built and natural environment: Contemporary urban theory has been strangely silent about the militarisation of city life that is so grimly visible at street level (1992, 223). For Davis, who is referring to Los Angeles, Hollywood fiction has, ironically, been more realistic and politically perceptive in its representations of the urban. And these representations support Bridge and Watson's view of how the city affects the imagination as they only extrapolate from actually existing trends (Davis 1992, 223). Davis also sees a post-Liberal Los Angeles obsessed with the physical (security systems) and collaterally with policing of social boundaries through architecture. Such developments though are not unique to LA. In Australia the use of CPTED principles, though relatively low-key, are applied to the new Brisbane Busway Stations. In this instance it is the use of natural surveillance, a design concept primarily aimed at maximising the visibility of people and space through site location (parallel to highly utilised suburban streets and a major freeway) and site design (use of glass walls and bright lighting). The application of CPTED principles indicate that the role public space plays in a community has been in the imagination of the planning fraternity and the wider public for many years. Whilst the Brisbane Busway initiative may seem tame in comparison to enfortressed LA, Morgan reveals how CPTED principles have been key to urban and suburban planners in Australia since the late-nineteenth century and involved the imposition of middle-class ideals of how and where to live. Drawing on Sydney's urban planning response to two contrasting moral panics in the late-nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Morgan locates an ironic contrast between the fear of a dense and public sociability at the turn of the [20th] century and the contemporary fear of urban crime which is based on lack of sociability in street spaces that are not occupied or controlled (1994, 80). This contrast depicts the use of public space as associated with inner urban living to the more private existence of outer suburban living which has its roots in the urban planning undertaken in the late nineteenth century. The planning at that time was a response, in the main, to middle-class fears of social ills and disease that over-crowding in the inner city were thought to produce. This same middle class further extended their influence by pushing a population outward and in the process changed the use of public space by disconnecting the existing social and cultural networks of established communities. This outward movement eventuated in suburbs that were founded on the modernist thought of progress reflected in decentralisation, growth in car ownership and a denial of traditional urban life which were seen as dissonant and unacceptable (Morgan 1994, 82). These unacceptable traditions of a gregarious street life were controlled ultimately by urban planning through the design of new suburbs that were sold as a utopian landscape that offered land ownership a concept only previously dreamt or imagined. As the populace spread and thinned out, new communities developed. These new suburban arrivals adapted similar lifestyles and a degree of homogeneity formed within the community that eventually established and then fostered a socio-psychological division between public and private personas as suburban living nurtured a more private existence (1994, 84). This division is a very real danger to Jacobs' idea of a city as a street ballet and to Mumford's notion of urban drama as it takes the view of public space as not a place to stop and interact but as a space to be used, in many cases literally, as a thoroughfare to another private destination. This use of public space is exemplified in the everyday activity of driving a private vehicle straight from work to home. And, more importantly, this use of public space has detrimental affects on the role of public space, most noticeably on streets and sidewalks a city's most public of spaces. Jacobs recognises that the key to making a neighbourhood a community and making a city livable is, first and foremost, the use and safety of the street: Streets and their sidewalks, the main public places of a city, are its most vital organs, Jacobs suggests, and if a city's streets look interesting, the city does so (107). Jacobs addresses the issue of safety as the fundamental task of a city street and sidewalk and is critical of planners, and their inability to understand that people and their subsequent activity leads to attracting even more people to use or watch a sidewalk. By indicating that nobody watches an empty street, Jacobs implies that people do not seek emptiness from an urban setting and by removing the players from the drama also means removing the audience: in this case, the street's natural observers or, in CPTED terms, the safety net that natural surveillance can provide. Despite this apparent resonance between CPTED planning and critical urban theory, there are important distinctions. Mumford's sociological view of what a city is supports Morgan's and Jacobs' views that planners often did not understand the social web of community. In questioning the role of the city as a social institution Mumford identifies a handicap in that planners have had no clear notion of the social functions of the city...(and)... derive these functions from a cursory survey of the activities and interests of the contemporary urban scene (2000, 93). The risk as witnessed with the spread of garrison-suburbia is that the physical organisation of the city may deflate the essential drama and imaginative spur that Mumford believes a city requires. When Mumford identifies that the city fosters art and is art; the city creates the theatre and is the theatre (2000, 94) he is urging that planning considers the fulfilment of people's imaginations, or put another way, their fantasies. The physical layout and organisation of a city is not an end in itself and it must not solely shelter the human body but also the human imagination; it must not simply be at the convenience of industry but must account for social and cultural needs. Or as Mumford states the physical organisation of a city, its industries and its markets, its lines of communication and traffic, must be subservient to its social needs (2000, 94). Thes

Purpose The aim of this study is to obtain novel results in current conditions by evaluating the built environment with Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles, in the prevention of crime in urban space. Design/Methodology/Approach The methods of this study; identification of CPTED theories, principles and implementation tools and CPTED principles are evaluated on a particular space due to the fact that the relationship between crime and space varies according to place-specific factors. Therefore, the vicinity of the Hacı Bayram Mosque was determined as the case study area and the physical-spatial characteristics of this area, which is a part of the historical, cultural, religious and tourism centre of the city of Ankara, were defined. Then, the transformation process of the area into a focus of crime and the crime data of 2009-2010 were evaluated with Crime Intensity Analysis to determine the crime types, rates and space-time relationship. It was evaluated whether crime data and CPTED principles were taken into account in the built environment created by the implementation of the 2010 urban design project in the renewal process of the case study area. Finally, with the inferences obtained for the development of CPTED principles and implementation tools, suggestions for the built environment in the study area were developed. Findings CPTED principles applied in urban design projects should be developed with factors such as time-space interaction in the built environment, change of crime types. Values to be preserved in cultural heritage sites and areas adjacent to sacred sites are not obstacles to the implementation of CPTED. Research Limitations/Implications The lack of crime data for the area after 2010 is the most important limitation of this study. Social/Practical Implications The methods and results of this study will contribute to the creation of safe urban spaces and to the planning literature and practices. Originality/Value It has been determined that the effectiveness in the time-space relationship, of the CPTED principles adopted in urban design projects, may decrease after the implementation.

범죄예방설계 사업 후에도 안전한 환경이 유지되기 위해서는 계획단계에서 주민참여를 통한 사업실행이 매우 중요하다. 이에 본 연구는 2세대 범죄예방설계가 강조되는 현실에서 주민참여 범죄예방설계 워크샵 방안을 모색하기 위해 진행되었다. 국내에서 진행된 관련 사업 및 교육 프로그램을 분석한 결과 주민참여 워크샵은‘안전지도 만들기(낮은 단계), 역할놀이 및 행태지도 만들기(중간 단계), 디자인 게임(높은 단계)’등으로 구분되며, 3가지 모두 주민관심과 참여를 높이고 범죄예방설계 원리에 근거한 전략을 도출하는데 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 지역기반 범죄예방설계가 정착되기 위해서는 유형별 워크샵의 특성과 목적을 이해하고 구체적인 범죄 및 불안감 원인규명 및 이를 효과적으로 통제할 수 있는 대안제시가 이루어져야 한다. 이를 위해서는 주민 참여방법과 주의사항, 특성 등을 정리한 지역기반 워크샵 매뉴얼 개발과 함께 워크샵을 효율적으로 진행할 수 있는 전문가 양성도 필요하다.In order to maintain a safe environment after a CPTED(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) project, it is important to implement a project through residents’ participation and various measures are needed for residents to participate in the planning phase. The purpose of this study is consider to find effective citizen-participated workshops and measures focused on 2nd CPTED. According to the literatures’ review, the workshops are categorized into safety mapping, role playing, behavior mapping, and design game. The workshop measures are found to contribute to promoting interest and participation of residents and to derive concrete strategies based on the principles of CPTED. The results of this study are followings; i) it is thought that citizen-participated CPTED workshops such as safety mapping, role playing, behavior mapping, and design game are necessary to activate local-based CPTED project, ii) as CPTED workshops are processed for crime prevention, they should be programmed with the aim of deriving preventive measures of crime and fear of crime, iii) finally it is necessary to develop an expert training system and local-based manual for CPTED workshop through various case studies.

The potential for reducing crime throughout modifications to the built environment has been extensively argued and implemented over several decades within Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) knowledge. In this context, empirical evidence has shown that the presence of CPTED principles—such as Activity Support, Natural Surveillance and Territoriality—is related to a significant shift in the recurrence of crime. Nonetheless, the extent of how these principles work is still under research. This chapter assesses the role of activities related to urban design as contributor of the temporary appropriation of the public space for crime prevention purposes. The study presents a critical assessment of a case study: the Third Millennium Park in Bogota DC, Capital District of Colombia. The CPTED principle of Activity Support was assessed across the place using a ratio mapping methods to understand the relationships between public space and crime. The results unveiled a significant low level of activities and a tendency for using signage mainly as sets of instructions for mandatory purposes rather than a strategy for helping the temporal appropriation of the public space. The research chapter concludes that the urban design intervention played a positive role in the reduction of crime within the areas in the case study. Though, its concentration variously increased throughout the locations in the surrounding areas. Hence, implications of territoriality, crime displacement and the access to comprehensive crime data should also be considered in further research.

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is an approach to problem-solving that considers the environmental conditions and opportunities for criminal activities in human settlements. CPTED is expected to reduce criminal actions and the resulting sense of fear, making tourist destinations feel safer. Although empirical research on CPTED is advancing, little is known about its impact on tourist sites. This research examines the significant variables of CPTED that correlate with visitors' sense of safety. This is a quantitative study using a survey method located at Palippis beach as a vernacular public space. Data were collected in field observations and structured interviews with respondents who were selected using accidental and purposive samplings, and then analyzed using SPSS v.25. The results show a correlations between visitors’ sense of safety and CPTED principles. The highest Pearson correlation is with maintenance, indicating a very strong correlation, and is determined by regular checks and provide special officer. The second highest correlation is with surveillance, indicating a strong correlation, and is determined by security patrol, arrangement of vegetation, add lighting, and add closed circuit television (CCTV). The lowest correlation is with access control, also indicating a strong correlation, and is determined by accessed by one entrance and exit, guarded by security, and checks by security officer. The reserach concludes that the visitors’ safety perceptions strongly correlate with CPTED principles in differing degrees, subsequently maintenance, surveillance, and access control, each with its determining indicator.

Street environments and crime around low-income and minority schools: Adopting an environmental audit tool to assess crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)

This study seeks to explore how different house type, socio-economic variables in the neighborhood (length of residence and household income) and residents’ victimization experience influence Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) and its respective principles: natural surveillance, access control, territoriality and maintenance. The study focuses on a sample of 164 inhabitants from a typical neighborhood in the city of Penang, Malaysia. An observation checklist was used to measure all the four principles of CPTED. A Multiple Indicator-Multiple Cause (MIMIC) analysis using AMOS 16.0 was employed to analyze the data at the level of individual property. Each latent factor and the relationships among them were modeled in a priori MIMIC hypothesized model. Prior to the MIMIC analysis, the study employed first and second-order confirmatory factor analysis on CPTED to determine the best indicators for the CPTED construct. The findings confirmed that CPTED is best measured by four principles. The results further indicate that CPTED is associated with a reduced risk of burglary victimization, while household income is positively associated with CPTED. The model shows that territoriality has a negative direct relationship with victimization. There are direct and positive influences of house type on natural surveillance and territoriality, while the length of residence only affects access control.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critically review the core findings from recently published place‐based crime prevention research. The paper aims to critically evaluate the available evidence on the contribution of crime prevention through environmental design as a crime prevention strategy.Design/methodology/approachLarge‐scale evaluations of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) are reviewed with a view to clarifying current knowledge on the evidence of crime prevention through environmental design.FindingsThe review concludes that there is a growing body of research that supports the assertion that crime prevention through environmental design is effective in reducing both crime and fear of crime in the community.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the paper may not review all the evaluations of CPTED, it nonetheless provides a detailed compilation and overview of the most significant research in the area, including an extensive and modern bibliography on the subject. Research implications will be the subject of a forthcoming paper.Practical implicationsCPTED is an increasingly fashionable approach and is being implemented on a global scale. Additionally, individual components such as territoriality, surveillance, maintenance, access control, activity support and target‐hardening are being widely deployed. However, the evidence currently available is inconclusive and much criticised, which effectively prevents widespread intervention and investment by central government. The paper details the difficulties associated with demonstrating the effectiveness of CPTED.Originality/valueThe paper concludes that although empirical proof has not been definitively demonstrated, there is a large and growing body of research, which supports the assertion that crime prevention through environmental design is a pragmatic and effective crime prevention tool. This review provides an extensive bibliography of contemporary crime prevention through environmental design and a follow‐up paper will discuss the future research priorities for it.

PurposeCrime and fear of crime in and around the university campus can affect enrolments and retention rates as well as compromising the safety, security and well-being of students and staff. The purpose of this paper is to explore user perceptions of personal safety using the “Prospect and Refuge Model” and crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED).Design/methodology/approachThe study used a fear of crime survey of 88 students at a university in Western Australia. The respondents were asked to identify on a map, three locations perceived to be “safe” and three locations perceived to be “unsafe”. The six most commonly identified sites were then visually audited to measure the levels of “prospect” and “refuge” and CPTED features at each location.FindingsThe findings indicate the top three “fear spots” were associated with low levels of “prospect” and high levels of “refuge” – and generally, with poor opportunities for natural surveillance and CPTED qualities. The top three “safe spots” had consistently higher levels of “prospect” and lower levels of “refuge” in the site audits and responses to the surveys. Increased opportunities for surveillance were therefore associated with increased levels of personal safety.Research limitations/implicationsThe survey is relatively small (88) and a larger study is certainly required to underpin these findings. The methodology is transferable to other universities and facilities seeking to manage crime and fear of crime. The research develops more finely nuanced measures for the concepts of prospect and refuge.Practical implicationsInterestingly, surveillance opportunities and perceptions of personal safety were perceived to be mediated by distance from buildings and by the construction of new buildings and infrastructure being carried out across the campus. This has implications for the construction of new universities and for those which are expanding. Recommendations are provided for new and existing universities and for those undergoing redevelopment.Social implicationsImproving students’ perception of personal safety can enhance their performance and retention at university.Originality/valueNo studies have investigated the campus design and layout and students’ perceptions of personal safety in Australia in this way. The approach is more “bottom-up” by first exploring users’ perceptions of “unsafe” locations, then assessing these sites in terms of the presence or absence of measures for CPTED and prospect-refuge.

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) has become a popular urban planning approach to preventing crime and mitigating fear of crime through the improvement of physical neighborhood environments. CPTED is widely used to improve deteriorated neighborhoods that suffer from crime. However, few studies have empirically examined the complex relationships among CPTED, fear of crime, and active living. Our study, therefore, investigated the effects of CPTED measures on walking frequency and fear of crime, analyzing behavioral data of residents living in participatory neighborhood regeneration areas and matched neighborhoods. We analyzed survey data from 12 neighborhoods that implemented CPTED approaches and 12 matched neighborhoods in Seoul, Korea, using structural equation modeling, which could consistently estimate complex direct and indirect relationships between a latent variable (fear of crime) and observable variables (CPTED measures and walking frequency). We designed the survey instrument as a smartphone app. Participants were recruited from 102 locations within the 24 selected neighborhoods; in total, 623 individuals returned surveys. The results revealed that sufficient closed-circuit television, street lighting, and maintenance played a significant role in mitigating fear of crime. This study has implications for planning and policy issues related to CPTED, mental health, and active living.

This study aims to analyze crime prevention through an environmental design approach in crime prevention policy in Indonesia and to analyze weaknesses in crime prevention through an environmental design approach in suppressing the crime rate in Indonesia. Crime prevention through environmental design is related to interaction between humans and the physical environment. Efforts to control behavior through design and use are as old as civilization. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) is based on the idea that appropriate design, natural access control, and effective use of the built environment can reduce the incidence and fear of crime, by using normative legal research methods. The results of this study indicate Crime prevention through environmental design approach in crime prevention policy in Indonesia, Indonesia has never used CPTED concept in crime prevention policy in Indonesia, CPTED concept is a crime prevention concept that is not familiar in Indonesia. However, in Indonesia, the concept of a Secure Guard Area is a concept that offers an area with a crime prevention mechanism that is fully handed over to security officers. Crime prevention in the concept of security officers must have the ability to control territorial areas, the ability to carry out supervision, must be able to have the ability to describe a good environmental image, so that officers can provide comfort and security for the areas under their duties.

The influence of crime prevention through environmental design on victimisation and fear of crime

PurposeThe purposes of this research were to review, analyze, synthesize and define the principles, indicators and required design elements of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and the potential role of the design of the courtyards in preventing campus violence; to examine the relationships between built environment design and campus violence inside Al al-Bayt University (AABU), Jordan; and to examine to what extent the design of the open public spaces and courtyards inside AABU meet the design principles of the CPTED.Design/methodology/approachThis research used descriptive-analytical approach, semi-structured interviews, archival records and videos to collect the location-based data of violent events and incidents that occurred on the campus of AABU (the locations of students' fights). Additionally, this research used AABU images; plans, spatial analysis, site visits and direct observations to analyze and assess the courtyards’ design and to examine to what extent the design of courtyards and open public spaces in AABU achieve the CPTED indicators, and the availability and the quality of the required design elements of CPTED and their role in violence prevention.FindingsThis research found that environmental-based design plays a major role in reducing crime opportunities and promote positive social behavior. This research found that the indicators to achieve the CPTED principles in all courtyard design inside AABU are very low and all the courtyards’ designs are not complied and conformed to the CPTED principles, and as a result, the design of the courtyards encourages and may facilitate violence in the university campus. It has been found that the availability and the quality of the required CPTED design elements are very low in all courtyards. Therefore, the existing design elements in all courtyards in AABU are not preventing the university violence. The correlation result revealed that there is significant relationship and strong/very strong negative linear association between the numbers of the students' fights and the applying of CPTED principles, indicators and required design elements (r = −0.85).Research limitations/implicationsThe data collected from AABU campus only and a larger study is certainly required to underpin these findings. Therefore, future research is needed to replicate and duplicate this research in order to expand the results.Practical implicationsThis research has implications for designing/redesigning the open public space and courtyards inside universities. This research recommended that redesigning all courtyards and applying the principles of CPTED are necessary to prevent campus violence. Redesigning includes adding landscaping elements, fountains, water features, pedestrian furniture, portrait, setting areas, new modern sculptures, shaded areas, lighting, memorial places, digital screens and cameras. Moreover, this research recommended that the university should pay more attention to continuous control, repair and maintenance to all courtyards after redesigning them. Finally, this research introduced a design proposal for one of the courtyards to apply the CPTED principles that promote positive behavior and prevent campus violence.Originality/valueIn the last few years in Jordan, some of the public and private Jordanian universities suffered from a newly emerging negative phenomenon, which is violence between students inside the campus. Many researchers and governmental institutions have stressed the urgency to explore the social, cultural, behavioral and environmental strategies that may effectively prevent campus violence. Additionally, little attention has been paid to the role of built environmental design in preventing campus violence. Moreover, no research assesses the applying of the CPTED principles and their indicators in courtyards’ design in Jordanian campuses.

최근 학교폭력 등 청소년범죄의 증가에 따라 안전한 학교공간에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 학교공간의 안전은 CCTV 등의 물리적 요소, 순찰 등의 관리적 요소 외에 CPTED 원리 등 공간계획적 요소가 함께 적용되어야 효과적으로 달성될 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 학교 및 주변지역의 안전을 확보하기 위해서 학교시설 및 주변지역의 공간계획 현황을 CPTED적 관점에서 조사하여 범죄를 예방할 수 있는 공간계획 방향을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 대전 노은택지개발지구 내에 위치한 7개 초 중 고등학교를 대상으로 CPTED의 5대 원칙에 기반한 체크리스트에 따라 현장조사를 시행하였다. 현장조사에서 분석된 문제점들을 CPTED의 5가지 원리에 따라 분류하고 각각의 항목에 대해 개선방안을 제시하였다. CPTED 적용을 위한 디자인적 기본구상과 이를 적용한 컴퓨터 그래픽 시뮬레이션 사례를 제시하였다. 학교가 범죄로부터 안전한 공간이 되기 위해서는 CPTED 적용을 위한 기본 환경디자인 원칙과 이에 기반한 가이드라인을 수립하여 적용함으로써 자연적 감시, 영역성의 확보 그리고 유지관리 등 CPTED 원리에 기반을 둔 안전한 공간을 만들 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. As to the increase of crime against children, the importance of safety in school area is more emphasized ever. Safety in school area can be achieved by the well-organized combination of physical, managemental and spatial planning factors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the spatial planning direction to prevent crimes for the schools and their surroundings on the viewpoint of CPTED(crime prevention through environmental design). Field survey using checklist drawn up with 5 major CPTED principles was conducted for 7 schools(primary, middle and high schools) located at Noen New-town, Daejeon Korea. Problems derived from field survey were categorized to 5 CPTED principles and countermeasures were suggested together with computer graphic simulation. CPTED design principles and guidelines for spatial planning can make school area safer because these can assure natural surveillance, territoriality, natural access control, etc.

Crime prevention in densely populated urban areas such as Jebres, Surakarta, presents a serious challenge that requires preventive solutions grounded in interior and environmental design. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) offers a practical approach by leveraging physical interior design to minimize opportunities for criminal activity. This community service project aimed to implement fundamental CPTED principles within residential interiors as a preventive strategy against crime in densely inhabited neighborhoods. The partners in this initiative were residents of Jebres, Surakarta, a densely populated urban community vulnerable to security threats. The methodology combined education, design simulation, and case-based mentoring applied to selected residential units. Five core CPTED principles were adapted: natural surveillance, access control, territorial reinforcement, maintenance, and target hardening, all implemented through participatory engagement. The outcomes indicate that CPTED-integrated interior design significantly enhances residents' perception of safety and fosters greater community awareness and active participation in maintaining a secure environment. An interior design sensitive to security aspects serves as both an educational tool and a practical preventive measure. These findings underscore that design interventions at the residential scale yield meaningful social impacts. Applying CPTED at the household level not only improves physical security but also strengthens social cohesion. Therefore, the results of this service project are significant as a replicable model of design-based preventive strategies that can be adopted in other urban communities facing similar challenges.