MEANS OF TRANSLATION OF THE TERMINOLOGY AND PROPER NAMES IN THE FANTASY COMICS

Abstract

The main purpose of the article is to study lexical and lexical-semantic translation transformations in selected fragments of such research materials as the comics “Lore Olympus” and “Solo leveling”, as well as to identify the advantages of the transformations that were used most often, because, despite the rapid development of this industry in Ukraine, literature of this genre is only beginning to gain popularity, so the results of the study may be useful for translators who are starting to work with fantasy comics. The article analyzes modern theoretical sources dedicated to the studying of the concepts of “comics” and “fantasy” and provides definitions of these concepts. Thus, a comic book is a product in which a combination of text and images is arranged in a certain sequence in order to convey a message to the reader, and fantasy is a genre in which the fairy tale and the real are combined, or the fairy tale exists in a world that is very close to reality. Based on the analyzed information, the authors of the article stated that one of the features of fantasy comics is the presence of proper names, quasi-realias, and specific terms in comics. Translators primarily used the transcoding techniques (transliteration, transcribing, mixed transcoding, adaptive transcoding). The modulation techniques could be traced in the translation of both proper names and quasi-realias. In addition, the tracing turned out to be a common method of translating the quasi-realias. These three types of translation transformations were identified as the ones that occurred in the analysis of the majority of cases. In addition, they were used in combination with other transformations (which, however, were a smaller part of the total number of transformations), namely: the generalization, the specification, the clarification, the omission, the addition, and the grammatical substitution of number. The advantage of the transcoding is the ability to translate proper names in a such way as to preserve certain features of the original language or the language spoken by the comics characters. The advantages of the translation by the modulation and the tracing are the ability to reproduce terms and quasi-realias with the native language, as well as to simplify the text for the reader's understanding.