Abstract
Lithuania is one the three Baltic states surrounded by Latvia, Belarus, Poland and Russia. Since 1940 Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union but declared its independence in 1991, and since 2004 is a member of the European Union (EU) (1). The population of Lithuania is 2,789,533, however this is a significant decline from 3,704,134 in 1991 (2). Lithuania belongs to a group of countries with a very high human development index (3). It is a high-income country with mean GDP per capita of $34,596 that is estimated to continue to grow (4). The major sociodemographic challenges of present-day Lithuania include fast-declining population, regional disparities and aging population that may subsequentially incur increasing strains on healthcare system resources (5).
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