Abstract
Although Brazil is the largest fig ( Ficus carica L.) producer in the Southern Hemisphere, it mainly uses only one cultivar, ‘Roxo de Valinhos’. In addition, propagation is almost entirely through hardwood cuttings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a propagation method that provides more successful rooting of stem segments of fig cultivars for the purpose of expanding the genetic base of the fig tree. The cultivars used were ‘Brunswick’, ‘Calabacita’, ‘Negro de Bursa’, ‘Mini Figo’, ‘Lampa Preta’, ‘Lemon’, ‘Troiano’,’ Nazare’, ‘Tres num Prato’, ‘Princesa’, ‘Colo de Dama’, ‘Montes’, ‘Bebera Branca’, ‘Pingo de Mel’, and ‘Roxo de Valinhos’. The propagation methods used were layering, hardwood cuttings, nodal segments, herbaceous cuttings originating from the removal of sprouts, and herbaceous cuttings obtained during growth. We found that the propagation method influences the rooting of stem segments, and cultivars differ in their rooting potential.
Highlights
IntroductionThe fig tree, considered to be a rustic plant, is a fruit species of great economic importance and in expansion worldwide, with good adaptation to different climates and soil types (Rodrigues et al, 2012)
The fig tree, considered to be a rustic plant, is a fruit species of great economic importance and in expansion worldwide, with good adaptation to different climates and soil types (Rodrigues et al, 2012).Hundreds of cultivars of the Ficus carica L. species, with several pomological and agronomic characteristics, are listed in the literature (Mars, 2003)
The experiments were conducted at the Department of Agriculture (DAG) of the Universidade Federal de Lavras [Federal University of Lavras] (UFLA) in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in a highland tropical region (Cwb) at 21°14' S and 45°00' W, and average altitude of 918 meters
Summary
The fig tree, considered to be a rustic plant, is a fruit species of great economic importance and in expansion worldwide, with good adaptation to different climates and soil types (Rodrigues et al, 2012). Hundreds of cultivars of the Ficus carica L. species, with several pomological and agronomic characteristics, are listed in the literature (Mars, 2003). Fig breeding studies for the development of new fig tree selections are costly since the pomological characteristics of the flowers are located within a closed receptacle (syconium) that has a small opening, making pollination difficult. The genetic diversity of most F. carica species is based on spontaneous mutations that are only multiplied through cuttings (Kotz, Campagnolo, Chagas, & Dalastra, 2011)
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