LOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND THE USE OF THE CIPPO EVALUATION MODEL IN PRIMARY EDUCATION: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Abstract. An evaluation model is an approach used to plan, implement, and assess a specific program, project, policy, or initiative. The evaluation model provides guidance on the steps to be taken in the evaluation process, including data collection, data analysis, and reporting of results. The appropriate use of an evaluation model essentially ensures that the evaluation is conducted systematically, objectively, and effectively. In the field of primary education, several evaluation models are commonly used, one of which is the CIPPO model (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcomes). Context evaluation is used to assess needs, problems, assets, and opportunities within a particular environment. Input evaluation is aimed at determining which program approaches can be used to facilitate change. Process evaluation involves the ongoing examination of plan implementation and related process documentation. Product evaluation is used to measure, interpret, and assess program outcomes, which can determine whether the program should be continued or not. Outcomes evaluation is the process of assessing or evaluating the final outcomes or results of a specific program, project, activity, or action. Several important aspects must be considered when using the CIPPO model, including: clearly defining goals and objectives, involving stakeholders, considering inputs, monitoring processes, collecting data meticulously, using data for decision-making, conducting impact evaluation (outcomes), committing to continuous improvement, and ensuring transparency and communication.