LINGUOCULTURAL AND ETHNOLINGUISTIC ASPECT OF ADJECTIVES DENOTING HUMAN CHARACTER TRAITS

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In general, the psycho-cultural features of a personality, expressing the principles of its existence (clothing, behaviour, culture of speech and other values), reflect the essence of a nation. In particular, the norms of behaviour, considered today as an object of study of psychological science, are also considered a special category from the point of view of linguocultural and ethno-cultural aspects. After all, from the communicative, pragmatic, discursive side, human behaviour reflects the culture not only of different social groups and organisations, but also of one nation or country. Therefore, the study of the concept of behaviour as an ethnolinguistic, linguocultural phenomenon is of great scientific importance. Accordingly, the article considers the ethnocultural sphere of ethnolinguistic adjectives and stable expressions characterising human behaviour. The lexical-semantic groups of adjectives expressing behavioural peculiarities are singled out, the common features of the mentioned lexical units for several cultures are differentiated. The synonymic-antonymic series of adjectives expressing human behaviour with positive and negative semantics was compared with other languages belonging to the Altaic language group and attention was paid to their etymology. The authors, relying on the works of Russian and foreign linguistic scientists, dwelled in detail on the ethnolinguistic meaning of those word units that are not often used in the modern linguistic fund. And also the analysis of the basics of linguoculturology, slangs and invective expressions characterising some negative features of human behaviour was carried out, comparing them with metaphorical comparisons in the Kazakh, Russian, Altai languages. Ethnolinguistics and ethnoculturology view adjectives as a multifaceted phenomenon reflecting the worldview and cultural values of a people. This study integrates these two disciplines to comprehensively analyze the linguistic and cultural heritage of the Kazakh people.