Les espaces protégés de plaine alluviale dans les nouveaux Lânder. De l'endiguement à la renaturation (del a Wildnis au Kulturlanschaft)

Abstract

In Germany all the protected areas of alluvial plains are in the new Lander, where after Reunification two biosphere reserves were created along the rivers Elbe and Spree as well as a national park along the lower Oder river. For a long time these landscapes were substantially transformed by hydraulic works to protect against flood risks, to convert to new agricultural lands or to make rivers navigable for large canal-boats. Measures for the protection of nature leading to the maintenance or developments of flood areas are unequally constrain, being a function of their status as protected areas. This conflicts with some forms of agricultural and touristic exploitation as well as with the need to maintain the rivers Elbe and Oder as great waterways. In the Spreewald the protection of nature comes into conflict with the great development of the touristic activities, whereas in the national park of the lower Oder river, there is a conflict between the pressure to enhance nature and the needs of agriculture and navigation.