DEFINITION OF THE «BIOSPHERE NATURE RESERVE» AND «BIOSPHERE RESERVE» CONCEPT ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article is currently important due to the fact that nowadays there is no concept of the bio­sphere reserve in the legislation of Ukraine. There is no differentiation of the concepts «biosphere nature reserve» and «biosphere reserve». Although due to the official data of the Ministry of the environmental and natural resources protection, there are 9 biosphere reserves on the territory of Ukraine. Five of them are biosphere nature reserve, among them Chernobyl biosphere nature reserve, which does not have a status of biosphere reserve. It is also interesting, that 4 biosphere reserves do not have a status of biosphere nature reserves in Ukraine. It should be noted, that there is some confusion about the procedure of their creation. The study found that there are biosphere nature reserves in Ukraine, which were created in accordance with the procedure described in the legislation, but also biosphere reserves declared in accordance with separate international agreements. At the same time, as mentioned above, the national legislation does not regulate the concept of a biosphere reserve. After analyzing the legislation, we can conclude that biosphere nature reserves and bio­sphere reserves can be created not only on the territory of national natural parks, nature reserves and other categories of the natural reserve fund, but also on lands of special conservation value. In order to monitor the impact of human anthropogenic activity on the environment, it is proposed to include adjacent territories in biosphere nature reserves and biosphere reserves. For this, zoning of territories is carried out and certain functions are performed, including the function of sustain­able development. After conducting a study, it was found that now in the country there are simultaneously two concepts of «biosphere nature reserve» and «biosphere reserve», which are not coordinated with each other. This creates uncertainty and confusion in the national legislation. Moreover, it should be noted that the Decree of the President «On Biosphere Nature Reserves of Ukraine» is not true today and therefore it is advisable to make certain changes that reflect the true state of affairs.