LANGUAGE PICTURE OF THE WORLD AS A PART OF NATIONAL CULTURE

Abstract

The concept of “world picture” refers to fundamental scientific concepts, the research of which leads to the study of the specificity of individual languages as components of national cultures. The article analyzes and summarizes the views of Ukrainian and foreign linguists concerning the language structure and conceptual world pictures peculiarities. The paper focuses on the existence of general and specific in language. The role of culture in the formation and evolution of national world pictures and the influence of the national language on the formation of the speakers’ worldview are reviewed. The problem of national specificity of the language is analyzed not only in terms of the language and thinking, language and reality relation, but also in terms of the correlation of language and culture, their interaction and interplay. Culture is presented in the study as a complex phenomenon, in the framework of which the peculiarities of knowledge of reality are fixed by one or another lingua-cultural community. He existence of different views concerning the peculiarities of the structure of world pictures, the presence / absence of the interrelation of language, culture and national language specifics in the concepts of language and conceptual world pictures, the absence of a clear interpretation of the concept of “world picture” show the complexity of the investigated phenomenon, the need for a thorough study of the question of the correlation of general and specific in the language determine the actuality of the study. The language world picture is considered as one of the main components of culture and as a means of transferring lingua-cultural peculiarities. In modern linguistics the connection of thinking, language and culture is recognized by the majority of researchers. Culture is a complex phenomenon, in the framework in which traditional, mass and elitist components are distinguished. Despite the considerable amount of scientific researches, the question of the relationship between language and culture and the role of national language peculiarity remain relevant, open and controversial and require further research.