KAĞIZMAN İLÇESİNDE YETİŞTİRİLEN MAHALLİ ELMA ÇEŞİTLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİYOLOJİK VE POMOLOJİK ARAŞTIRMALAR

Abstract

OZET : Kagizman ilcesinde 1991 ve 1992 yillarinda yapilan bu arastirmada, ilcede yetisen Banem, Kaburgali, Matibey, Mirizo, Sah ve Uzun elma cesitlerinin biyolojik ve pomolojik ozellikleri incelenmistir. Degisik sakkaroz eriyikleri icinde en yuksek polen cimlenmesi % 15 ve % 10'luk eriyiklerde ortalama % 59.5-50.0 oranlarinda gerceklesmistir. Kendileme sonucunda meyve tutumu % 0.00-3.17 oraninda, serbest tozlamada ise % 12.00-20.40 oranlarinda gerceklesmistir. Elma cesitlerinin tam ciceklenme devresinin 1991 yilinda 26-30 Nisan, 1992 yilinda ise 17-20 Mayis tarihleri arasinda oldugu belirlenmistir. Elma cesitlerinin ortalam meyve agirliklari 159.0-313.0 g arasinda degismistir. Bu cesitlerin SCKM miktarlari % 12.35-14.45, asit miktarlari % 0.29-0.44, askorbik asit miktarlari ise 4.31-6.98 mg/100 ml degerleri arasinda degismistir. A RESEARCH ON BIOLOGICAL AND POMOLOGICAL CHARASTERISTICS OF LOCAL APPLE CULTIVARS IN KAĞIZMAN DISTRICT SUMMARY: This research carried out in order to determine biological and pomological features of some important local apple cultivars such as, Banem, Kaburgali, Matibey, Mirizo, Sah and Uzun grown in Kagizman dirstrict, 1991-1992. The highest pollen germination obtained in 15 and 10 % sucrose solutions with 59.5 and 59.0 %, respectively. Fruit set ratio ranged from 0.00 to 3.17 % as related to cultivars in self pollination whereas it was from 12.00 to 20.40 % in open pollination. It was determined that the period of full bloom of all apple cultivars was between 26-30th April in 1991 and 17-20th May in 1992. Average fruit weight of cultivars varied between 159 to 313 grams. On the other hand. it was found that TSS contents were from 12.35 to 14.45: total acid contents were from 0.29 to 0.44 and ascorbic acid contents were between from 4.31 to 6.98 mg/100 ml.