Abstract

Born in the Ukraine in 1888 and educated as a teacher, A. S. Makarenko is widely cited in the Soviet educational literature as one of the central figures in the efforts to develop educational systems appropriate to the philosophical and practical realities of the early Soviet state. Though influenced by a wide range of educational theories, Makarenko's perspectives on education were defined in many respects by his experiences in socializing and educating children who had been made homeless during the period of the revolution—some of whom had roamed the countryside of the Soviet Union in criminal gangs. Much of Makarenko's early reputation in the Soviet Union reflects his involvement in rehabilitation and production settlements such as the Gorky Colony and the Dzerzhinskii Commune. Indeed, many of those interested in Makarenko's work outside the Soviet Union are concerned with the rehabilitation and education of orphaned, homeless, and delinquent children (e.g., Kristen D. Juul [1986], International Journal of Special Education], 1:193-96); Bob Caskey [1979], Comparative Education, 15:277-86).

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