Intensification of heat and mass transfer and dewatering of thermolabile organic materials

Abstract

Ukraine has a high level of industry, agriculture and consumption. As a result of underutilization of recovered materials and their products into the environment returns significant amount of waste that contaminate soil, water, air. Dumps occupy large areas, long ground beneath them put out of production, they pollute the environment. The main causes of waste, lack of effective processes and capacities of processing residues, spatial and chronological dissociation processes of waste and their use, lack of sufficient market.
 Of all the organic waste in Ukraine is one of the main places belong chicken droppings. Fresh droppings quickly oxidizes the soil, humus and inhibits microorganisms, disrupting its natural ecosystem biological community. With some preparation and processing of chicken manure is a high quality fertilizer that contains chemical elements (N, P, K), macro- and micronutrients, humic acid and other components that are essential for growth and fertility of different plants.
 For decontamination litter widely used thermal drying at t = 600 – 800 °C. This product is well kept dry, easily transported, but using traditional drying facilities for its handling used large amount of heat.
 Today continually created and offered new modern technologies for processing chicken manure.
 At the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics NAS of Ukraine many years conducted investigations on the creation of modern technologies and equipment for processing organic waste. 
 Analysis of the traditional intensification methods and processes of heat and mass transfer during drying of materials was presented in the paper. The author has proved the promising nature of the method of the combined processes of drying and dispersion using a mechanical rotor to intensify the process of drying of high–moisture thermolabile materials.