Abstract
A pulsed time-of-flight (TOF) measurement-based Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system is more effective for medium-long range distances. As a key ranging unit, a time-pickoff circuit based on automatic gain control (AGC) and constant fraction discriminator (CFD) is designed to reduce the walk error and the timing jitter for obtaining the accurate time interval. Compared with Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) and the estimation of the timing jitter, four parameters-based Monte Carlo simulations are established to show how the range precision is influenced by the parameters, including pulse amplitude, pulse width, attenuation fraction and delay time of the CFD. Experiments were carried out to verify the relationship between the range precision and three of the parameters, exclusing pulse width. It can be concluded that two parameters of the ranging circuit (attenuation fraction and delay time) were selected according to the ranging performance of the minimum pulse amplitude. The attenuation fraction should be selected in the range from 0.2 to 0.6 to achieve high range precision. The selection criterion of the time-pickoff circuit parameters is helpful for the ranging circuit design of TOF LiDAR system.
Highlights
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensing method that uses a laser beam to measure target ranges
According to the previous researches [21], the noise current caused by the solar radiation can be written as: IB = Rλ Nλ Ω FOV AR ηα ηo ∆λ where Nλ is the spectral radiance of a background source (W·m−2 ·sr−1 ·μm−1 ), Ω FOV is the solid angles of receiving Field Of View (FOV), ∆λ is the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the neutral-density filter
In order to ensure that the zero-crossing point tT lies along the trising of the signal, T liesedge theattenuated delay timesignal, td needthe to delay be varied pulse width
Summary
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensing method that uses a laser beam to measure target ranges. There are several ranging methods can be applied in LiDAR, such as triangulation, interferometry, pulsed time-of-flight (TOF) measurement, and phase-shift measurement [1]. Due to atmospheric absorption and scattering, uncertain reflectivity of target surfaces, noise interference and other factors, the measured time interval is usually not fixed, interfering with the. Where Nλ is the spectral radiance of a background source (W·m−2 ·sr−1 ·μm−1 ), Ω FOV is the solid angles of receiving Field Of View (FOV), ∆λ is the FWHM of the neutral-density filter (μm). As described in where N is the spectral radiance of a background source (W·m−2·sr−1·μm−1), FOV is the solid angles of receiving Field Of View (FOV), is the FWHM of the neutral-density filter (μm).
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