Influence of air exchange in premises on energy efficiency apartment buildings

Abstract

The basis of the current global energy conservation policy is a system of legislation that provides for a set of institutional, regulatory and incentive measures for the rational use of natural resources. One of the most important components of ensuring the energy efficiency of apartment buildings is the improvement of technical regulations regarding their thermal protection. Increasing the heat transfer resistance of building enclosures reduces transmission heat losses, but the cost of heating infiltration air in the premises remains unchanged, resulting in a steady increase in the total heat balance of the building, up to 30% before thermal modernization and 73% afterward.To find ways to reduce heat loss associated with the requirements of mandatory ventilation of residential buildings, the existing standards of supply air, which is 2.5 m3/person per 1 m2 of living space, is considered. This value is determined to take into account the air exchange required for the assimilation of CO2 and the living space per person.Due to the improvement of the living conditions of the population of Ukraine and the increase in the availability of living space, the indicator of the required air exchange may be reduced to 1.6 m/ person per 1 m2 of living space. The calculations show that a decrease in the air exchange rate leads to an increase in the energy efficiency class of the building and a decrease in the share of heat loss by heating the supply air in the overall heat balance. It is proved that due to the rational placement on the sides of the horizon of the window openings of an apartment building, it is possible to achieve a specific indicator of the consumption of heat energy for heating and ventilation of the building. As modern leak-proof windows cannot support our proposed, and even more so, the normative indicator of air exchange, kitchen windows must be equipped with tidal valves.