Abstract
Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of the dietary inclusion of different dietary sunflower meal (SFM) levels (0% and 20%), with or without the supplementation of an enzyme complex (EC) (cellulase, β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase) on broiler performance, carcass and cuts yields, economics, and dietary AMEn values. A randomized block experimental design, with a 2x2 factorial arrangement of eight replicates of 20 birds each, was used to test performance. A completely randomized experimental design with a 2x2 factorial arrangement of eight replicates of four birds each was used to test metabolism. No interaction effects between SFM and EC were observed on performance. Although SFM significantly reduced feed intake in the starter phase and total period, weight gain was not different in these phases. Feed: gain ratio improved with the use of SFM in all phases, probably due to the dietary inclusion of oil, which may have improved digestibility. There was a significant increase in weight gain with the use of EC in the starter phase, which is possibly explained by the immature digestive system of birds at this age. There were no SFM or EC significant effects on carcass or cuts yields. There was no significant effect of the addition of EC on dietary AMEn values; however, EC significantly improved the apparent metabolizability coefficients of phosphorus and calcium.
Highlights
The low metabolizable energy of sunflower meal and its deficient utilization by non-ruminant animals are directly related to its high fiber content, resulting in worse live performance (Furlan et al, 2001).Waldroup et al (1970) concluded it is possible include up to 20% of sunflower meal broiler diets with no lysine supplementation, which was later confirmed by Valdivie et al (1982) and Zatari & Sell (1990)
Furlan et al (2001) asserted that up to 15% of sunflower meal can be included in broiler feeds with no effect on performance, provided lysine is supplemented; lower feed cost per kilogram of body weight gain ratio, better economic efficiency index, and feed cost were observed with 0% of inclusion of sunflower meal
No significant interaction between sunflower meal and enzyme complex on feed intake, weight gain and feed:gain ratio was observed in none of the periods
Summary
The low metabolizable energy of sunflower meal and its deficient utilization by non-ruminant animals are directly related to its high fiber content, resulting in worse live performance (Furlan et al, 2001). Oliveira et al (2007) evaluated two sunflower meal inclusion levels (0 and 15%), with or without an enzyme complex (cellulase, protease, and amylase) in the diet of 21 to 42-day-old broilers, and did not find any significant interactions between sunflower meal and the enzyme complex. Those authors concluded that the dietary inclusion of 15% sunflower meal improves live performance, but does not affect carcass yield. The objective of the present experiments was to evaluate live performance, carcass yield and cuts, economic feasibility, and metabolizable energy content of diets containing 0% or 20% sunflower meal, and supplemented or not with enzymes
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