Importance analysis of irregular antibody screening in blood transfusion safety

Abstract

Objective To study the importance of irregular antibody screening in blood transfusion safety. Methods From February 2012 to December 2014, a total of 1 200 patients who would accept blood transfusions in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine were selected as study subjects. Among them, 598 cases were male patients, and 602 cases were female. Before blood transfusion, micro-gel technique was used for irregular antibody screening of all subjects, and if their screening results were positive, they were further analyzed by statistical method. Results Among 1 200 subjects, 95 cases were in irregular antibody screening positive, and the irregular antibody positive rate was 7.9%. The positive rate of irregular antibodies in female subjects, subjects with history of blood transfusion, and subjects with history of pregnancy were significantly higher than those of males subjects, subjects without history of blood transfusion and subjects without history of pregnancy (χ2=17.106 0, 13.958 6, 18.541 5; P<0.05). Among the 95 cases with irregular antibody screening positive, 66 cases were isotype-specific antibodies, including 35 cases of Rh blood system, 10 cases of Lewis blood system, 21 cases of MNS blood system; 29 cases was non-specific antibody, including 10 cases of cold antibodies, 15 cases of autoantibodies, 4 cases of drug antibodies. Conclusions In clinical blood transfusion, irregular screening specific antibodies can improve the efficacy of blood transfusion which plays a crucial role in blood transfusion safety. It is worthy of clinical application and promotion. Key words: Irregular antibodies; Blood transfusion safety; Quality of blood