Prenatal screening and identification of irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood type in pregnant women

Abstract

Objective To investigate the distribution and characteristics of irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood type in pregnant women. Methods From January 2016 to June 2018, a total of 130 pregnant women who were identified for irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood type in Qingdao Blood Center, were selected as the subjects. The age of the pregnant women was 25-42 years, and the median age was 32 years. ABO and Rh blood group identification of pregnant women, and irregular antibody titers of Rh blood group system were determined by test tube method. The screening and identification of irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood type were used micro-column gel agglutination or tube test method. The procedure followed in this study was in line with the requirements of the revised World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki in 2013. And informed consents were obtained from all the subjects. Results ① Among the 130 pregnant women, there were 44 cases (33.8%) , 48 cases (36.9%) , 27 cases (20.8%) and 11 cases (8.5%) of blood group A、B、O and AB, respectively. And 90 cases (69.2%) were Rh positive and 40 cases (30.8%) were Rh negative blood group. ② Among the serum samples of 130 pregnant women, 71 cases (54.6%) , 28 cases (21.5%), 3 cases (2.3%) and 14 cases (10.8%) were in Rh, MNSs, P and Lewis blood group system respectively, and 4 cases (3.1%) were anti-HI. ③ Among 71 pregnant women who were detected irregular antibodies of Rh blood group system, antibody titer with the highest detection rate was 2, whose detection rate was 26.8% (19/71). One pregnant woman had an antibody titer of 512. Her Rh blood group was Rh negative. And she had previously received RhD positive red blood cells transfusion. Conclusions In Qingdao City, the irregular antibody distribution in pregnant women with positive irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood type is dominated by the Rh blood system, followed by the MNSs blood system. Prenatal screening and identification of irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood group in pregnant women is conducive to ensure the safety of pregnant women′s blood transfusion and reducing the risk of hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN). Key words: Blood group antigens; Antibodies; Pregnant woman; Erythroblastosis, fetal; Blood transfusion; Rh-Hr blood-group system; MNSs blood-group system; Irregular antibody