Analysis of Patients' Irregular Antibody Screening and Identification Results before Blood Transfusion

Abstract

To analyze the results of irregular antibody screening and identification among patients before blood transfusion, and to investigate the specific distribution of irregular antibodies and the distribution regularity in different diseases. Choosing the patients intended to be transfused in our hospital from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2013 years, micro-column gel technique was used to screen the irregular antibodies of those receptors and to identify the antibody specificity of the positive specimens. Among 44194 patients, 137 patients were with irregular antibody positive and their positive rate was 0.31%, among them 33 cases were male and accounted for 0.18% in the studied males; the 104 cases were females and accounted for 0.40% in all the studied females. The difference of sex distribution was statistically significant (X2=15.38, P<0.05). In the irregular antibody screening positive patients, patients with transfusion or pregnancy history were 129 cases, and the patients without transfusion or pregnancy history were 8 cases. In the irregular antibody screening positive patients, the main antibody of 54 cases belongs to Rh blood type system, accounting for 39.42%; The main antibody of 37 cases belongs to MNS blood type system, accounting for 27.01%; while the 30 cases belong to Lewis blood type system, accounting for 21.90%. According to the classification of diseases, the irregular antibody screening-positive patients with tumors were ranked in the highest rate at 5.96‰, the secondary hemorrhage of digestive tract and chronic renal failure were ranked at the rate of 3.28‰ and 3.19‰. The difference of positive rates between diseases was statistically significant (χ2=19.33, P<0.05). Irregular antibody screening before blood transfusion is necessary, which can discover the irregular antibodies of clinical significance, especially for patients with tumors and the other patients with the history of frequent blood transfusions or multiple pregnancies. Antibody screening is a useful warning signal, as it ensures the safety of blood transfusions.