Abstract
The development of microbial enzymes is of great importance in biochemical process industries. Among the enzymes of industrial importance, cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes stand out, which are responsible for the degradation of lignocellulosic material that is usually discarded by the agro-industrial sector. In order to produce the enzymes CMCase, β-glycosidase, xylanase and β-xylosidase, the fungus Fusarium oxysporum was used in liquid fermentation using pre-treated pineapple crown biomass as a carbon source. In order to optimize the production of these enzymes, cultures were carried out for 168 hours, 30 °C at 180 rpm. The biomass underwent a pre-treatment in two stages, the first being submitted to 121 °C for 7 min, while the second was added diluted sulfuric acid to 1%, in the proportion of 1:5 (m/v), at 121 °C for 27 minutes. The partial characterization of the crude extract showed a temperature of 50 ºC as the most satisfactory for the action of these enzymes, and the ideal pH range ranged from 3.5 to 5.5. The enzymatic hydrolysis of pineapple crown, with and without pretreatment, was performed using lyophilized crude extract (CMCase = 9.78 U/mL, β-glucosidase = 10.86 U/mL, xylanase = 27.90 U/mL and β-xylosidase = 0.018 U/ml). An experimental design of the Central Composite Rotational Design was carried out. It was possible to evaluate the effect and influence of pH, biomass concentration and incubation time on the release of glucose in the medium (R2>0.85); pH and biomass (%) had a significant effect on glucose release.
Highlights
The use of agro-industrial residues is a trend in the development of research aimed at the production of biofuels and enzymes of commercial interest
Pineapple residue is rich in simple sugars and carbohydrates, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, which can be hydrolyzed into fermentable sugars
This work aimed to evaluate the potential of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes produced by F. oxysporum under submerged conditions to hydrolyze the pineapple crown for the release of glucose
Summary
The use of agro-industrial residues is a trend in the development of research aimed at the production of biofuels and enzymes of commercial interest. These residues basically consist of lignocellulosic biomass, which favors the growth of microorganisms that produce. Pineapple residue is rich in simple sugars and carbohydrates, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, which can be hydrolyzed into fermentable sugars. It is necessary that the residue is pre-treated and saccharified before fermentation [4]. The pre-treatment aims to prevent the loss of these carbohydrates, prevent the formation of fermentation inhibiting agents and facilitate the formation of fermentable sugars by hydrolysis reactions. In addition to the elimination of lignin, which has an affinity to form bonds with lignocellulolytic enzymes, causing an inhibitory effect [5, 6]
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