HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES: INSTRUMENTS AND DESTRUCTIVE FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The article defines human resources potential of railway transport enterprises as a set of professional competencies (level of education, knowledge, experience, skills, competences), moral and psychophysiological abilities of employees to systematic development and improvement of their own competence to implement the strategic objectives of railway industry enterprises. The specifics of personnel potential of railway transport enterprises were revealed and its component structure, which is represented by psychophysiological, professional-competence and moral components, was presented. The elements and key factors influencing each component of the personnel potential of railway transport enterprises are defined. It is established that at present the target priorities of the industry in the field of personnel development management, and consequently its personnel potential, are defined in the strategy of JSC “Ukrainian railways” for 2019-2023, which aims to form a competent, effective personnel composition in accordance with the needs of the railway transport. The analysis of the human resource management environment of railway transport enterprises was carried out, which allowed to summarize the main tools to ensure its development, currently being implemented at the enterprises of the industry. It is concluded that despite the high level of social guarantees for employees and a wide range of tools to promote the development of railway workers, combining not only training tools, but also methods to encourage employees to self-improvement, in general there is a worsening level of Human Resource Development at railway transport enterprises. A significant reduction in the number of employees in recent years indicates a threat to the stable functioning of the industry. It is established that the reduction in the number of employees is a consequence of negative phenomena occurring both in the management of the personnel potential of the industry and in its internal environment generally. Proceeding from the fact that personnel potential is formed and developed not only under the influence of industry factors, but also national and global ones, the destructive factors affecting the personnel potential of railway transport enterprises are systematized by dividing them into factors of financial and investment, socio-cultural, research and technology as well as institutional macro- and micro-level.