HEPATO-RENAL EFFECT OF Solanum anomalum Thonn. Ex. Schumach FRUIT EXTRACTS ON LEAD-EXPOSED ALBINO RATS

Abstract

Lead is a non-biodegradable multi-organ toxicant implicated in various disorders including renal and hepatic diseases. In the quest for a cheaper and readily available antidote, this study has investigated the role of Solanum anomalum fruit extract in lead-induced kidney and liver toxicities in male albino rats. Twenty-four mature male albino rats were used, divided into four groups of six rats per group. Group 1 (control rats) received distilled water (10 ml/kg), group 2 was given lead acetate solution 60 mg/kg, group 3 rats were given lead acetate (60 mg/kg) followed by Solanum anomalum, SA (452 mg/kg) and group 4 rats were given lead acetate (60 mg/kg) followed by Solanum anomalum, SA (678 mg/kg)  by oral gavage daily for 28 days. Animals in the lead acetate-treated group showed significant increases in ALT, AST, ALP, urea, bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein, Very Low Density Lipoproteins, total white blood cell counts, Interleukin-6, and decreases in body weight, packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, total proteins and albumins. Co-administration of Solanum anomalum fruit extract significantly reversed most of these biomarkers. Histopathology of kidney and liver also points to the protective effect of Solanum anomalum fruit against lead induced hepato-renal damage.Keywords: lead, liver, kidney, Solanum anomalum, biomarkers, toxicant.