Heat transfer analysis of the mixed convective flow of magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid past a stretching sheet with velocity and thermal slip conditions.

Muhammad Ramzan,Wiyada Kumam,Wiboonsak Watthayu,Anwar Saeed,Poom Kumam,Abdullah Dawar,Naramgari Sandeep

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260854

Abstract

The present study is related to the analytical investigation of the magnetohydrodynamic flow of Ag − MgO/ water hybrid nanoliquid with slip conditions via an extending surface. The thermal radiation and Joule heating effects are incorporated within the existing hybrid nanofluid model. The system of higher-order partial differential equations is converted to the nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations by interpreting the similarity transformations. With the implementation of a strong analytical method called HAM, the solution of resulting higher-order ordinary differential equations is obtained. The results of the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, velocity profile, and temperature profile of the hybrid nanofluid for varying different flow parameters are attained in the form of graphs and tables. Some important outcomes showed that the Nusselt number and skin friction are increased with the enhancement in Eckert number, stretching parameter, heat generation parameter and radiation parameter for both slip and no-slip conditions. The thermal profile of the hybrid nanofluid is higher for suction effect but lower for Eckert number, stretching parameter, magnetic field, heat generation and radiation parameter. For both slip and no-slip conditions, the hybrid nanofluid velocity shows an upward trend for both the stretching and mixed convection parameters.

Highlights

In recent decades, scientists and researchers have focused their attention on the study of a new class of fluid known as a hybrid nanofluid
This article aims to investigate the MHD flow of hybrid nanofluid toward the stretching surface in the presence of Joule heating, thermal radiation and heat source/sink effects
The present model consists of momentum and temperature equations along with slip conditions

Summary

Introduction

Scientists and researchers have focused their attention on the study of a new class of fluid known as a hybrid nanofluid. Liaquat et al [3] numerically computed the MHD hybrid nanofluid flow toward the shrinking surface for stability analysis and dual solutions and their problem consists of Cu − Al2O3 − water the base fluid They found that for increasing values of suction and radiation parameters temperature is enhanced (decrease) for both solutions. Alhussain et al [6] inspected the influence of variable viscosity in a blood-based two-dimensional Casson hybrid nanofluid through the stretching sheet by introducing a magnetic field perpendicular in a flow field From this analysis, the authors have demonstrated that with the increment of nanomaterials concentration in the base fluid, the thermal expansion rate is increased but the specific heat capacity decreased. They reported that the heat flux is condensed but wall shear stress is improved through the variation of velocity ratio parameter

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