Harnessing Nature's Arsenal: Phytoconstituents targeting mediators involved in pathogenesis of Asthma

Abstract

Abstract: Asthma is a persistent respiratory disorder characterized by inflammation and con-striction of the air passages, resulting in recurrent symptoms, including difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and a sensation of tightness in the chest. It requires ongoing management through medications and lifestyle adjustments. The use of natural bioactive compounds in asthma management is on the rise. Researchers are increasingly exploring the potential of compounds derived from plants and herbs, such as quercetin, resveratrol, and Boswellia ex-tracts, for their anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties. Compounds like quercetin and resveratrol are known to reduce inflammation by inhibiting enzymes like PDE4 and LOX-5, which play key roles in asthma-related inflammation. They can additionally regulate im-mune reactions by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines like “IL-6, IL-5, and IL-4”. Additionally, some compounds, like those found in Boswellia extracts, inhibit NF-κB activation, which further reduces the production of inflammatory mediators. These natural remedies offer a promising avenue for complementing traditional asthma treatments, potential-ly providing relief from symptoms and reducing the reliance on synthetic drugs. The aim of this review is to offer an outline of well-researched plant-derived phytoconstituents that influ-ence cellular activity to control inflammatory mediators associated with asthma. Nevertheless, additional high-quality research is essential to validate the clinical effectiveness of plant-based treatments for asthma.